Linear backbone

Like guaran, and the endosperm polysaccharides of other legumes, locust bean (carob)gum [9000-40-2] is also a galactomaiman. Like guaran, it has a linear backbone of (1 — 4)-1inked P-D-mannopyranosyl units. However, in locust bean gum, approximately one of every 3.9 P-D-mannopyranosyl units, on the average, is substituted with an a-D-galactopyranosyl unit attached at 0-6. 

Two types of well defined branched polymers are acessible anionically star-shaped polymers and comb-like polymers87 88). Such macromolecules are used to investigate the effect of branching on the properties, 4n solution as well as in the the bulk. Starshaped macromolecules contain a known number of identical chains which are linked at one end to a central nodule. The size of the latter should be small with respect to the overall molecular dimensions. Comb-like polymers comprise a linear backbone of given length fitted with a known number of randomly distributed branches of well defined size. They are similar to graft copolymers, except that backbone and branches are of identical chemical nature and do not exhibit repulsions. 

Pentasodiumtripolyphosphate Oligo Induced High Flexible Linear Backbone Weak... 

Polyamine High Induced Medium Flexible Linear Backbone Moderate... 

This was verified by Kobuch and Hoerauf by histological studies [36,28]. Different fluorinated compounds with a linear backbone of 8 C-atoms and a different degree of fluorination were filled into the vitreous cavity of vitrectomised rabbit eyes. 

All the polyrotaxanes discussed thus far are based on linear backbones. Viewing new properties and applications of branched and cross-linked polymers, three-dimensional polyrotaxanes will surely be interesting in terms of both topology and potential applications. Gong and Gibson extended the hydrogen-bonding theo-... 

The commercially available PFPE Z and Zdol (Montedison Co. [8] products) are random copolymers with the linear backbone chain structure... 

When Bilan et al. [26] fractionated the crude fucoidan of Fucus evanescens by ion-exchange chromatography on DEAE-Sephacel, using aqueous sodium chloride of increasing sodium chloride concentration as eluent, a fraction which was essentially a homofucan sulfate was isolated. This homofucan was shown to contain a linear backbone of alternating 3- and 4-linked-a-L-fucopyranose 2-sulfate residues. Also, some additional sulfation was observed on C-4 of the 3-linked residues, whereas a part of the remaining hydroxyl groups was randomly acetylated. 

Graft (co)polymers are polymers with a linear backbone to which macromo-lecular side chains are connected. They can be prepared by three different methods grafting from , grafting onto , and (co)polymerization of macromonomers. 

Database searches aimed at identifying related proteins found that the closest structural relative to bacteriocin AS-48 is the effector polypeptide from porcine lymphocytes, NK-lysin.63 Similar to AS-48, this 76-residue protein adopts a globular fold with five helices surrounding a hydrophobic core but lacks a circular backbone.64 Instead, NK-lysin comprises three cross-bracing disulphide bonds that stabilise the structure. Despite the linear backbone of NK-lysin creating differences in the orientation of helix 5 in relation to the one in AS-48, and despite no significant sequence homology between them, the backbone... 

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