Lignosulfonates formula

Fig. 7 Formulae of sugars found in untreated and purified lignosulfonate materials.

Lignosulfonate-based resin, 80 Limiting viscosity, 618, 619, 631 Linear coefficient of thermal expansion-contraction, 134, 356, 356-368 Across the grain, 365, 367 Along the grain, 362, 365-367 ASTM tests, 359 Calcium carbonate, 362 Calculation, 357 GeoDeck, 362 Fasalex, 363 Formula, 357... 

Triethanolamine of formula N(C2H40H)3 is an oily water-soluble liquid having a fishy odor and is produced by reacting ammonia with ethylene oxide. Normally it is used in combination with other chemicals in admixture formulations. Its first use was reported in 1936, and the formulation containing TEA interground with calcium lignosulfonate was used to increase early strengths. 

Tricalcium aluminate hydrates to form, initially, hexagonal phases identifiable by endothermal effects in DTA at 150-200°C and 200-280°C. These are converted to a cubic phase of formula C3AHg which exhibits endothermal effects at 300-350°C and 450-500°C. The addition of ligno-sulfonate influences the rate of formation of these phases and their interconversions to the cubic phase. Depending on the amount of lignosulfonate, the hexagonal phase may be stabihzed even up to fourteen days or more with lignosulfonate, but in that hydrated without the admixture, the cubic form may appear at six hours or earlier (Fig. 1). ... 

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