Ligand abbreviations, formulae, and

VII. Appendix Ligand Abbreviations, Formulae, and Structures References... 

Abbreviations. These may be used to represent ligands in formulae, and they are cited in the same place as the formulae they stand for. The abbreviations should be lower case, and enclosed in parentheses. Some commonly used abbreviations are in [Tabic 1-3 ]... 

Abbreviations for Ligand Names. Except for certain hydrocarbon radicals, for ligand (L) and metal (M), and a few with H, all abbreviations are in lowercase letters and do not involve hyphens. In formulas, the ligand abbreviation is set off with parentheses. Some common abbrevia-... 

The element symbols within each formula are arranged according to a modified Hill system in which the order is metal(s), C, H and then any remaining symbols arranged alphabetically. Compounds containing two (or more) different metals appear twice (or more), being listed under each metal. Common ligand abbreviations which appear in the text have also been used in the index. These include acac (acetylacetone), bipy (2,2 -bipyridyl), diars [o-phenylenebis(dimethyl-arsine)], dien (diethylenetriamine), etc. 

Sources, most ligand abbreviations, and formula as indicated will be found in the text, in Sections 5.4.5.5.2 and 5.4.5.6. 

Figure 1. Formulas of the ligands, abbreviations, and symbols used to represent the components of the dendrimers.

Ligand abbreviations and formulas HjNCCH NHCCHjIjNHj, den (L,5-diaimno-3-azapentane) H2N(CH2)3NH(CH2)3NH2, dpt (l,7-diamino-4-azaheptane)... 

Structures determined by X-ray analysis. Ligand formulae and abbreviations ... 

Table 64 Bidentate Ligands Cited in Section 50.5.4.4 Structures, Formulas and Abbreviations Used in Table 65...

A list of commonly encountered ligand abbreviations is given in Table 10. While it is generally accepted to use abbreviations for ligands in a pseudo formula ([Co(edta)(H20)] ) within textual material to stand for a cumbersome name, it should be recognized that ambiguities in interpretation can always occur with this type of notation. Thus, all abbreviations should be defined within a suitable span of text. Scientific publications should certainly contain at least one formula per compound which is composed only of the internationally accepted atomic symbols, and which accurately defines the composition of the compound or compounds of primary interest reported in the publication. 

Since abbreviations are widely used in the chemical literature, agreement on their use and meaning is desirable. This Section provides guidelines for the selection of ligand abbreviations for application in the formulae of coordination compounds (Section IR-9.2.3.4). Some commonly used ligand abbreviations are listed in Table VII with diagrams of most of the ligands shown in Table VIII. 

The formula for the entire coordination entity, whether charged or not, is enclosed in square brackets. When ligands are polyatomic, their formulae are enclosed in parentheses. Ligand abbreviations are also usually enclosed in parentheses. The nesting order of enclosing marks is as given in Sections IR-2.2 and IR-4.2.3. Square brackets are used only to enclose coordination entities, and parentheses and braces are nested alternately. 

Guidelines for the construction and use of ligand abbreviations are given in Section IR-4.4.4 and their use in the formulae of coordination complexes is described in Section IR-9.2.3.4. Abbreviations are listed in alphabetical order but those beginning with a numeral are listed by the first letter of the abbreviation e.g. 2,3,2-tet appears under the letter t ). 

Abbreviations of names for organic ligands appear sometimes in formulae. Following the recommendations by lUPAC, lower case letters are used, and if necessary, the ligand abbreviation is enclosed within parentheses. Flydrogen atoms that can be replaced by the metal atom are shown in the abbreviation with an upper case H , for example Hjedta, Am(Hedta)(s) (where edta stands for ethylenediaminetetraacetate). 

Trofimenko reviewed his work on poly(pyrazolyl)borate chemistry and pyrazole-derived ligands in 197157 and 19 72.58 In the 1972 contribution Tpx ligands were contained as a separate category. In 198659 Trofimenko reported a summary on the coordination chemistry of poly(pyrazolyl)borates. Its review in 19932 covers the 1984-1993 period and contains the systematic abbreviation system that we employed in this book and which could be adapted to most types of substitution on the Tp ligand, greatly facilitating writing chemical formulas for Tpx complexes. Shaver also commented the Tpx... 

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