Lethal and Sublethal Effects

Acrolein degrades quickly in soils and in plant tissues regardless of mode of administration. Most terrestrial crop plants easily tolerate 25,000.0 (Jtg of acrolein/L of irrigation water and some can tolerate 70,000.0-80, 000.0 igfL without adverse effects. Terrestrial plants were adversely affected at atmospheric concentrations of 500.0 p,g acrolein/L air, but this concentration exceeds the recommended value of 110.0 (Jtg/L (0.25 mg/m ) air for protection of human health in occupational settings. 

Adult fruit flies (Drosophila sp.) were comparatively resistant to acrolein and had lowered survival when reared in culture media with greater than 3,700,000.0 p,g acrolein/L. At recommended concentrations for control of nuisance submerged aquatic weeds (frequently 100.0-1000.0 p-g/L, often greater than 

0 pg/L), acrolein was lethal or harmful to almost all aquatic vertebrates and invertebrates tested in short-term exposures. The most sensitive groups of tested aquatic organisms in short-term assays were frog tadpoles (dead at 7.0pg/L), representative species of fish (reduced survival at 14.0-62.0 pg/L), and crustaceans (death or immobilization at 34.0- 

0 pg/L). Adverse effects of acrolein on birds were observed at acute oral doses of 

0 pg/kg BW for 102 weeks (decreased survival) 850.0-6000.0 pg/kg BW by way of intravenous injection (liver necrosis, embryo resorption) and single oral doses between 

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