Legume straw

Figure 7.2 Typical annual nutrient balances for irrigated rice soils pre- and post-1960 calculated from probable inputs (left side of each graph) and outputs (right side) (data from Greenland, 1997). Inputs come from R = rainfall, F = floodwater and irrigation, S = sediments, N = nitrogen fixation and M = manures and fertilizers. Outputs are due to removals in Cg = rice grain, Cs = rice straw. Cl = legume crop, S = seepage and percolation and G = gaseous emission...

In the southern part of Taiwan, a crop of rice is often followed immediately by a legume crop. Yields of soybeans have been increased by several hundred kilograms per hectare by burning the rice straw prior to planting the soybeans. Rice (46) hypothesized that the decreased... 

Gulewicz, K. and Trojanowska, K. 1995. Suppressive effect of preparations obtained from bitter lupin straw against plant pathogenic fungi. Science of Legumes, 2 141-148. 

Two reports (8,9) have shown potential applications for ICAP analysis in health and related areas. The data presented in the extensive report by Dahlquist (10) also supports this viewpoint. While only one specific example is presented for health-related specimens in this chapter, an implied general area of potential application is intended. Human lung, brain, heart, hair, and blood specimens have been analyzed in this laboratory but the nature of this work must remain undisclosed at this time. Other samples which have been successfully analyzed by ICAP but do not bear a detailed discussion in this report include herring gull egg shells, egg contents and whole body homogenates, rat bodies, pet food, mollusks, wheat straw and grain, tree seeds, and various legumes. The analytical results reported here, where possible, are compared with certified values or values obtained by other analytical techniques. In a few examples, however, the data are presented to demonstrate a trend in these instances values are for information only as no reference data are available by alternate techniques. 

Significant factors controlling densification are moisture, particle size, form, fibrous or nonfibrous nature, leafy legumes vs. stiff waxy resilient straws, and binders, starch or sugar content, type and quantity of binder. 

Presentations in this volume come from chemists, medical researchers, and microbiologists, as well as nutritionists and food scientists. In a few cases, rather exotic fiber types such as tobacco fiber, wheat straw lignin, or shellfish aminopolysaccharides are discussed. Other sources include psyllium, different legumes, and vegetable and fruit fibers. There is no doubt that additional unconventional fiber sources will be continuously identified and increasingly used. 

Lehman ME, Blum U (1999) Evaluation of fendic add uptake as a measurement of allelochemical dose effective concentration. 1 Chem Ecol 25 2585-2600 Li X, KeUaway RC, Ison RL, Annison G (1992) Chemical composition and nutritive value of mature annual legumes for sheep. Animal Feed Sci Tech 37 221-231 Liebl RA, Worsham AD (1983) Inhibition of morning-glory Ipomoea lacunosa L.) and certain other weed species by phytotoxic components of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) straw. J Chem Ecol 9 1027-1043... 

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