Leeuwenhoek, Anton

See resolving power electron microscope ultramicroscope field-ion microscope van Leeuwenhoek, Anton. 

Rakuyaki, Chojiro (died 1859) was the first member of the family to begin the tradition of raku. Their home is now an exquisite museum illustrating tea bowls made by 15 generations, van Leeuwenhoek, Anton (1632-1723) was born in Delft, Holland and worked as a cloth merchant he devised a simple microscope that succeeded so well because he was a skilled lens grinder. The microscope itself was invented in the 1500s and was used by Robert Hooke. 

Leeuwenhoek. Anton van (1632-1723) Dutch microscopist, who had little formal education. He is known for accurately grinding small lenses to make simple microscopes, with which he made the first observations of red blood cells, protozoa, and spermatozoa. He communicated regularly i th the Royal Society in London, which published many of his findings in its Philosophical Transactions. 

Development of the microscope by Anton van Leeuwenhoek (1673) and others, enabled man to see a new world of microcreatures. including bacteria, yeasts, molds, blood cells, and spermatozoa, and microstructures such as muscle fibers and plant and seed tissues. This added credibility to later claims by Louis Pasteur and Robert Koch that microorganisms can spoil foods and cause disease at a time when many influential learned men still clung to theories of spontaneous generation of life. 

Biogenic polyamines are long linear chains composed of 3 or more amino groups interconnected by methylene bridges (CH2)n where n typically is 3-5. Spermine is a quintessential example, isolated as its crystalline phosphate salt from human sperm by Anton van Leeuwenhoek in 1678. Spermine, and its bio-genetic precursor spermidine, occur in almost all tissues and they play a major role in the modulation of calcium-dependent immune processes and in cell differentiation and proliferation. The discovery that polyamines are structural components of potent spider neurotoxins has lent a certain frisson to their synthesis and it has elevated one of the dullest groups of natural compounds an aura of interest. 

Torricelli makes the first barometer using mercury in a sealed glass tube The Dutch scientist Anton van Leeuwenhoek develops a microscope Isaac Newton invents a reflecting telescope... 

Anton van Leeuwenhoek concluded that all plants are composed of cells. 

We ve come a long way since the seventeenth century, when Anton van Leeuwenhoek first looked at sperm cells with one of his home-made microscopes. But the achievement of Steptoe and Edwards was not easy. Many others had experimented with IVF before and had failed to produce successful results. Indeed,... 

Anton van Leeuwenhoek, a 17" -century pioneer in the use of the microscope, described the microorganisms he saw as animalcules whose length was 25 thousandths of an inch. How long were the animalcules in meters ... 

Anton van Leeuwenhoek made tJae first observations of bacterial motility at the dawn of microbiology. In 1676, he lovingly described the movements of the little animalcules he saw with his homemade microscopes. In the late nineteenth century, Wilhelm Pfeffer in Tuebingen described how bacteria are attracted to nutrients. The subject lay largely dormant again for another three-quarters of a century until the mid-1960s, when Julius Adler began to systematically describe the chemotactic behavior of Escherichia coli. 

There are no records to indicate when some of the first methods of preservation were discovered. Like other discoveries, some of the preservation methods were based on a series of enlightening observations which led to the development of a process. The methods of preservation became refined and more effective as men like Anton van Leeuwenhoek, Lazaro Spallanzani, and Louis Pasteur contributed to the understanding of spoilage of food. Until men learned some of the modem methods of preservation, large cities could not develop. Nearby farms were required to feed the city people, since food spoilage was a major problem. 

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