Lead minium

Lead Tetroxide. Lead tetroxide (red lead minium lead orthoplumbite), Pb O, is a brilliant orange-red pigment which accounted for U.S. shipments of 17,780 t ia 1977, mainly to the ceramics and storage battery iadustries (40). U.S. shipments ia 1993 amounted to approximately 12,000 t. The decrease ia usage siace 1973 (19,000 t) is attributable to discontinued use ia the paint and coatings (qv) iadustry, and alterations ia mbber and ceramics (qv) markets. It is iasoluble ia water and alcohol, and dissolves ia acetic acid or hot hydrochloric acid. Red lead is manufactured by heating lead monoxide ia a reverberatory furnace ia the preseace of air at 450—500°C uatil the desired oxidative composition is obtaiaed. 

Blei-rhodanid, n, lead thiocyanate, -rohr, n., -rShre, /. lead tube or pipe, -rostprozess, m. lead roasting, -rot, n. red lead, minium, -safran, m. orange lead, -salbe, /. (Pharm.) lead ointment, cerate of lead subacetate, -salpeter, m. lead nitrate, -salz, n. lead salt, specif, lead acetate, -sammler, m. lead accumulator lead storage battery. 

Synonyms red lead minium trilead tetroxide lead orthoplumbite mineral red Paris red. 

The coloured materials most frequently added are gamboge, dragon s blood, turmeric, indigo, and especially artificial organic colouring matters. For some varnishes mineral colours are used, such as ferric oxide, white lead, minium, lamp black, etc. 

The principal red and yellow pigments are Lead chromate chrome yellow, orange and red), zinc chromate zinc or buttercup yellow), barium chromate lemon yellow or yellow ultramarine) various products based on jerric oxide, hydrated (yellow) or anhydrous (red), both natural yellow and red ochres) and artificial Mars yellow, English red, etc.) red oxide oj lead minium or red lead) mercuric sulphide cinnabar, vermilion) antimony oxysulphide antimony cinnabar) cadmium sulphide cadmium yellow) basic lead antimonate Naples yellow). 

Trilead tetroxide, red lead, minium, Pb304, is mixed with linseed oil and used principally as a paint to prevent the rusting of steel, particularly to objects exposed to the weather, such as ships, bridges and agricultural machinery. It is also used for making lead glass and special lead jointing compounds. 

This, deals with mines of all kinds of metals, the manufacture of azure, white lead, minium, brass, alum, sulphur, vitriol, salt, bricks, tiles, pottery, coinage, etc. Baron Dietrich (see p. 211) also published a work on mines and metallurgy etc., in France in six parts in four volumes ... 

The church of San Cosme y San Damian in Basconcillos del Tozo showed a similar trend [31]. The red pigmentation changed in depth over different regions of the wall painting. The analysis showed that pure cinnabar is used for the most important biblical figures as Christ s cloak. In the angel s cloak, cinnabar was also the major component, but some red ochre was added. In S Peter s cloak and in Adam s blood, the pigment was red lead (minium) with a little quantity of cinnabar. 

The destruction of thiophene by its treatment with iodine was noted already by Meyer in 1884 [77], Application of HgO to capture HI has been known from Meyer s time and is still applied nowadays. Several other oxidants which can convert hydroiodic acid into iodine have been described. Lead(lV) acetate serves as useful oxidant to support iodination of thiophene with iodine (Scheme 76) [114]. The lead acetate was obtained in this case in situ from commercial red lead (minium), Pb304 [114]. 

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