Leaching mineral processing

Thickener, conventional with central mechanism, rubber-lined c/s tank, motor, drive, weirs, pumps and pump boxes for acid-leached mineral processing with some flocculant addition. FOB cost = 950000 for a surface area = 300 m with n = 0.48 for the range 70-2800. TM = 3.0. Factor conventional with some flocculant addition, X 1.00 high capacity via flocculant addition, X 1.25. 

Thickener, single compartment, concrete with 3 m walls, overflow weir, launder excluding central rake, excavation, site preparation, piping feed launder, overflow pump. PM cost = 400000 for a surface area = 100 m with n = 0.38 for the range 80-2000. L-i-M = 3.1. L/M = 0.4. Alloy cost factors c/s X 0.7, concrete X 1.0 rubber lined for acid-leach mineral processing X 1.22. 

S.C. Bouffard, Review of Agglomeration Practice and Fundamentals in Heap Leaching, Mineral Processing Extractive Metallurgy Review, 26 (2005), 233-294. 

More recendy, the molten caustic leaching (MCL) process developed by TRW, Inc. has received attention (28,31,32). This process is illustrated in Eigure 6. A coal is fed to a rotary kiln to convert both the mineral matter and the sulfur into water- or acid-soluble compounds. The coal cake discharged from the kiln is washed first with water and then with dilute sulfuric acid solution countercurrendy. The efduent is treated with lime to precipitate out calcium sulfate, iron hydroxide, and sodium—iron hydroxy sulfate. The MCL process can typically produce ultraclean coal having 0.4 to 0.7% sulfur, 0.1 to 0.65% ash, and 25.5 to 14.8 MJ/kg (6100—3500 kcal/kg) from a high sulfur, ie, 4 wt % sulfur and ca 11 wt % ash, coal. The moisture content of the product coal varies from 10 to 50%. 

A. R. Udupa, S. K. Kawatra and M. S. Prasad, Developments in Gold Leaching, A Literature Survey, Mineral Processing and Extractive Metallurgy Review, Vol. 7, p. 115,1990. 

G. J. Sparrow and J. T. Woodcock, Cyanide and Other Lbdviant Leaching Systems for Gold with Some Practical Applications, Mineral Processing and Extractive Metallurgy Review, Nos. 3 4, Vol. 14, p. 193, 1995. 

Tremblay, L. Deschenes, G. Ghali, E. McMullen, J. Lanouette, M. Gold recovery from a sulfide bearing gold ore by percolation leaching with thiourea. Int. J. Miner. Process. 1996, 48, 225-244. 

Duyvesteyn, W. P. C. Sabacky, B. J. Ammonia Leaching Process for Escondida Copper Concentrates (Reprinted from Extractive Metallurgy of Copper, Nickel, and Cobalt. Vol. 1, 1993). Trans. Inst. Min. Metall. Sect. C-Miner. Process. Extr. Metall. 1995, 104, C125-C140. 

HAL [Hot acid leaching] A process for purifying silica sand or zircon by leaching out surface iron compounds with hot sulfuric acid. Derived from an earlier process, invented in 1955 by British Industrial Sand, in which silica sand was treated with hot, gaseous hydrogen chloride. The process for cleaning zircon sand was developed jointly by Hepworth Minerals Chemicals, UK, and Metallurgical Services Pty, Australia, in 1991. 

Persson, I., Persson, P., Valli, M., Fozo, S., Malmensten, B., 1991. Reaction on sulphide mineral surfaces in connection with xanthate flotation studied by diffuse reflectance FTIR spectroscopy, atomic absorption spectrophotometry and calorimetry. In K. S. E. Forssberg (ed.). Flotation of Sulphide Mineral. Inter. J. Miner. Process, 33 67 - 81 Peters, E., 1977. The electrochemistry of sulphide minerals. In J. O M. Bockris, D. A. J. Rand, B. J. Weich (eds.). Trends in Electrochemistry. New York Plenum Press, 267 - 290 Peters, E., 1986. Leaching of sulphides. In P. Sortunasundaran (ed.). Advances in Mineral Processing. Proc. Sym. Honoring N. Arbiter on His 75th Birthday, SME, Inc. Colorado, 445-462... 

Waugh, A. B. Bowling, K. McG. "Removal of mineral matter from bituninous coals by aqueous chemical leaching," Fuel Processing Techno . 9, 217-233 (1984). 

Jeffrey, M., Brener, P. L., Chu, C. K. (2003). The importance of controlling oxygen addition during the thiosulfate leaching of gold ores. Int. J. Miner. Process. 72, 323-330. 

Torma, A.E. and Subramanian, K.N., 1974. Selective bacterial leaching of a lead sulphide concentrate. Int. J. Miner. Process., 1 125—134. 

K. P. Galvin, M. D. Engel, and S. K. Nicol, "The Selective Ion Flotation of Gold Cyanide from a Heap Leach Mine Feed Liquor, Proceedings XVlll International Mineral Processing Congress, Sydney, Australia, Austr. IMM. 

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