Lasing mechanism

Nevertheless, the threshold current density of GaN-based laser diodes is still almost one order of magnitude higher than in other III-V material systems. Being one of the most basic laser properties, this highlights the present lack of understanding of the lasing mechanism in nitride-based semiconductors. 

The rotational equilibrium assumption implies substantial conceptual and technical simplifications of the kinetic description of chemical lasers. In this section we shall consider the validity and consequences of this assumption and compare the very different lasing mechanisms and efficiencies implied by fast and slow rotational relaxation. 

Lasing mechanism of rare-gas haiide excipiex and diatomic haiogen excimer iasers... 

Yamanaka, N., et al. (1997). Analysis of a Nuclear Pumped Lasing Mechanism for Application to Nuclear Radiation Measurements, Nm-clear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research, Section A 389, 513. 

The hydrojq lase mechanism is also called mono-oxygenase, which represents the insertion of a single ojq gen into the substrates BH2, NADH (NADPH), which undergo oxidation, i.e., dehydrogenation. 

The study of the mechanism of urinary excretion of amylase and the amylase clearance has been the subject of many studies in recent years. Levitt et. al (79) studied the renal clearance of amylase in renal insufficiency, acute pancreatitis and macro-amylasemia. In acute pancreatitis, the kidney cleared amylase at a markedly increased rate. The ratio of the amylase clearance rate to the creatinine clearance rate (Cgm/Ccr) averaged 3 times normal early in the course of acute pancreatitis, and this elevation could persist after the serum amylase returned to normal. Comparison of an lase clearance to creatinine clearance was to minimize irrelevant changes due to variation in renal function. The increased clearance of amylase makes the urinary amylase a more sensitive indicator of pancreatitis. 

Klimov, V. I. 2006. Mechanisms for photogeneration and recombination of mul-tiexcitons in semiconductor nanocrystals Implications for lasing and solar energy conversion./. Phys. Chem. B 110 16827-16845. 

Lund, E. G., Xie, C., Kotti, T., Turley, S. D., Dietschy, J. M. and Russell, D. W. Knockout of the cholesterol 24-hydroxy-lase gene in mice reveals a brain-specific mechanism of cholesterol turnover. /. Biol. Chem. 278 22980-22988, 2003. 

Lasers, 9 729 14 654-706. See also Lasing atomic systems in, 14 666-669 basic mechanism of, 14 656—661 buried heterostructure, 14 701 carbon dioxide, 14 693-696 carbon monoxide application, 5 24 cavity optics and, 14 669-672 classes of, 14 666-667 cutting applications of, 14 695-696 dye, 14 702-705 effect of loss in, 14 670 excimer, 14 691-693 fast pulse production in, 14 673-678 fiber optics and, 11 129 in fine art examination/conservation, 11 412, 413... 

The key regulatory enzymes in glycolysis are phosphory-lase, hexokinase, phosphofructokinase and pyruvate kinase, the activities of which are stimulated by the increase in the concentrations of AMP and phosphate and the decrease in that of phosphocreatine. These mechanisms are discussed in Chapters 6 and 9 Figures 6.16 and 9.27. 

In this section the types of dye lasers, the mechanism of lasing as applied to dyes, structural types of laser dyes and a few of the applications of dye lasers will be dis-cussed. ... 

Light is absorbed by two basic mechanisms electronic polarization and electronic excitation. Electronic polarization and its effect on refractive index were described in the previous section and will not be elaborated npon here. The process of electronic excitation is an important one, however, and has implications to a nnmber of optical phenomena such as lasing and luminescence. 

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