Laser silicate glass

The wave-front shearing interferometric method can be applied to transparent melts which do not attack cell windows made of silicate glass. The principle of this method has been given by Gustafsson. " A thin foil is placed vertically, a laser beam passing in the -direction along the plane. The heat is transferred in a melt in the direction of x. The slope of the... 

For an accurate in situ 234U/238U and 230Th/232Th isotope microanalysis of silicate glasses and iron oxides, an excimer laser ablation system (HelEx, Lambda Physik Compex llOi ArF ... 

It is of historical interest to note that, following Snitzer s work, Maurer (126) showed that laser oscillation was possible at 0.9180 /x in a silicate glass. 

The time-resolved spectroscopy of Cr doped spinel and petalite-like phase types glass-ceramics enables a more accurate distinction of the and T2 energy levels of Cr(III) and of the equilibrium between the population of two levels, see Fig. 5, which presents the time-resolved spectra of spinel type glass-ceramics excited at 680 nm at room temperature Glass-ceramics derived from boro-silicate glasses containing Cr(III) were also recently studied by laser spectroscopy and fluorescence-line narrowing. 

Bundschuh T, Knopp R, Kim JI (2001) Laser-induced breakdown detection (LIBD) of aquatic colloids with different laser systems. Colloids Surfaces A 177 47-55 Burdett JK, McLaman TJ (1984) An orbital interpretation of Pauhng s rales. Am Mineral 69 601-621 Burdett JK, Price GD, Price SL (1981) The factors influencing sohd state structure. An interpretation using pseudopotential radii maps. Phys Rev B 24 2903-2912 Calas G, Brown GE Jr, Waychunas GA, Petiau J (1987) X-ray absorption spectroscopic studies of silicate glasses and minerals. Phys Chem Minerals 15 19-29... 

Ho3+ is the second most extensively exploited lanthanide laser ion in terms of different transition lased, it is the most exploited. Stimulated emission is observed for 12 transitions with wavelengths ranging from 0.55 to 3.91 ym and in hosts including crystals, three stoichiometric materials (HoF3-LiHoF4, H03AI5O-12) (19, 2lj, thin films (52), and silicate glass (75). 

Rosier, J., Wiedenbeck, M., Wirih, R., Hovorka, J., Sylvester, P., and Mikova, J. (2005) Chemical and phase composition of particles produced by laser ablation of silicate glass and zircon -implications for elemental ftactionation during ICP-MS analysis. J. Anal. At. Spectrom., 20 (5), 402-409. 

The multiphonon emission rates for the silicate glass in fig. 35.7 are much faster than for the crystals. Studies of rare earths in glass demonstrate that multiphonon relaxation is due predominantly to the highest frequency vibrational modes which are associated with the glass network former (Reisfeld, 1975). In both crystalline and amorphous rare earth hosts, materials having low vibrational frequencies generally have more fluorescing levels and hence more possibilities for laser action. 

Of the rare earth glass lasers, Nd has received the most effort. It is the only ion for which more than one J- J transition has lased. The longest wavelength (1.08 /xm) for F3/2 Iu/2 laser action is observed for Nd in fused silica (Stone and Burrus, 1973). This material can be fabricated into fibers of micron-size diameters, can be clad, and has superior thermal properties. The solubility of Nd in pure Si02 is low, however. The introduction of other oxides, such as AI2O3, into SiP2 improves the solubility, but the spectral and other properties become more characteristic of those in silicate glasses. 

Figure 6.8 Comparison of particle deposition around the laser crater of silicate glass matrix (NIST SRM 612) using a 193 nm laser system in argon and helium, respectively. (Reproduced from reference 16, with permission of the Royal Society of Chemistry.)...

Horn, I., Guillong, M., and Gtlnther, D. (2001) Wavelength dependant ablation rates for metals and silicate glasses using homogenized laser beam profiles - implications for LA-ICP-MS. Appl. Surf. Sci., 182, 91-102. 

Sylvester, P. J. and Ghaderi, M. (1997) Trace element analysis of scheeUte by excimer laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ELA-ICP-MS) using a synthetic silicate glass standard. Chem. GeoL, 141,49-65. 

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