Lakes in Wisconsin

It has been suggested that the potential for biological degradation of 2,3,7,8-TCDD in a wide variety of environmental samples is low (Arthur and Frea 1989). The fate of 2,3,7,8-TCDD in sediment and water from two lakes in Wisconsin was examined (Ward and Matsumura 1978). After incubation periods of up to 589 days, little metabolism of 2,3,7,8-TCDD was detected. The slight metabolism that was detected was stimulated by the presence of sediment and the addition of nutrients (Ward and Matsumura 1978). Also, 2,3,7,8-TCDD does not hydrolyze in water (Mabey et al. 1982 Miller et al. 1987). 

Nutrients (Phosphorous, Nitrogen, Carbon-BOD) in Lacustrine Sediments" (Swiss Lakes Swedish Lakes Lakes in Wisconsin, Illinois and Michigan)... 

In 1975 at the U.S. Super Bowl, the Sears die-hard battery started several cars simultaneously on a frozen lake in Wisconsin. Table II shows how typical lead-acid starter battery performance has improved between 1975 and 2000. 

Babiarz CL, Andren AW. 1995. Total concentrations of mercury in Wisconsin (USA) lakes and rivers. Water Air Soil Pollut 83 173-183. 

Watras CJ, Bloom NS, Hudson RJM, Gherini S, Munson R, Claas SA, Morrison KA, Hurley JP, Wiener JG, Fitzgerald WF, Mason RP, Vandal G, Powell D, Rada R, Rislove L, Winfrey M, Elder J, Krabbenhoft DP, Andren AW, Babiarz C, Porcella DB, Huckabee JW. 1994. Sources and fates of mercury and methyhnercury in Wisconsin lakes. In Watras CJ, Huckabee J, editors. Mercury as a global pollutant integration and synthesis. Chelsea (MI) Lewis, p. 153-177. 

Cope WG, Wiener JG, Rada RG. 1990. Mercury accumulation in yellow perch in Wisconsin seepage lakes relation to lake characteristics. Environ Toxicol Chem 9 931-940. 

Meyer MW, Evers DC, Daulton T, Braselton WE. 1995. Common loons (Gavia immer) nesting on low pH lakes in northern Wisconsin have elevated blood mercury content. Water Air Soil Pollut 80 871-880. 

Rada, R.G., D.E. Powell, and J.G. Wiener. 1993. Whole-lake burdens and spatial distribution of mercury in surficial sediments in Wisconsin seepage lakes. Canad. Jour. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 50 865-873. 

Sullivan, J.R. and D.E. Armstrong. 1985. Toxaphene Status in the Great Lakes. Univ. Wisconsin Sea Grant Inst., Priority Pollut. Status Rep. No. 2. WIS-SG-85-241. 39 pp. 

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