Lactuca serriola

N.A. Lactuca serriola L. Sesquiterpene lactones, lactucopicrin, lactucerin, flavonoids, coumarins." Sedative, for excitabihty in children, treat coughs, lower the hbido, relieve pain. 

Alpinia galanga, Blumea balsumifera, Carduus benedita, Chrysanthemum cinerriaefolium, C. parthenium, Eupatorium perfoliatum, Geum aleppicum, G. urbanum, Lactuca serriola Phellodendron amurense,... 

Eberlein, C.V., M.J. Guttieri, C.A. Mallory-Smith, D.C. Thill, and R.J. Baerg (1997). Altered acetolactate synthase activity in ALS-inhibitor resistant prickly lettuce (Lactuca serriola). Weed Sci., 45 212-217. 

Mallory-Smith, C.A. (1990). Identification and inheritance of sulfonylurea herbicide resistance in prickly lettuce (Lactuca serriola). Ph.D. dissertation. University of Idaho, Moscow, ID, p. 58. 

Resistant biotypes being reported in the early 1990s were selected by chlorsul-furon or metsulfuron-methyl in wheat-growing areas or by sulfometuron-methyl in non-crop areas. While resistance of Lolium rigidum to ALS-inhibitors was attributed to enhanced herbicide metabolism [50] it was shown, for Lolium perenne and dicotyledonous species like Stellaria media, Kochia scoparia, Scdsola iberica and Lactuca serriola, that resistant biotypes had a mutated ALS with reduced susceptibility to ALS-inhibitmg herbicides [51-53]. The IC50S for sulfonylureas, which were determined in vitro with ALS isolated from Stellaria media, Salsola iberica and Lolium perenne, increased 4- to 50-fold in the resistant biotypes. Smaller increases, about 2- to 7-fold, were determined in the same biotypes for the imidazo-linone herbicide imazapyr [53]. 

In the ALS of a Lactuca serriola biotype, highly resistant to SUs and moderately resistant to IMIs, Prol97 was substituted by His. The pyruvate binding domain on the ALS enzyme was not found to be altered by the mutation [57]. From Ko-chia scoparia it was reported that several substitutions of Prol97 by another amino acid (Thr, Arg, Leu, Gin, Ser, Ala) will confer resistance to sulfonylureas [58]. In the same spedes, it was found later that a substitution of Trp574 by Leu will also cause resistance to sulfonylureas and in addition cross-resistance to imidazoh-nones [59]. The latter substitution was also detected in resistant biotypes of several other dicotyledonous weed species. 

Lactuca serriola Prickly lettuce Asteraceae Plant Encyclopedia (2012)... 

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