Labiatae species, active compounds

The salvinorins are a class of non-nitrogenpus diterpenes isolated from a little-known Mexican entheogenic plant. Salvia divinorum, a member of the Labiatae or Lamiaceae, the mint fitmily. Similar diterpenes such as salviarin and splendidin have been isolated from Salvia splendens and other Salvia species (Savona etal. 1978 Savona etal. 1979), and these Salvia diterpenes represent a novel class of psycho-active compounds. Loliolide, an ant repellent, has recendy been isolated from Salvia divinorum (Valdes 19S6). Salvia occidentalis is reportedly used for analgesia by Panamanian Cuna Indians (Duke 1975). Salviapersepolitana was once proposed... 

A number of these compounds have insect antifeedant activity. The total synthesis of the substituted c/s-decalin (26) as an antifeedant has been reported. Clerodanes have previously been detected in Salvia (Labiatae) species. The gesnerohlins A and B, obtained from S. gesneraefolia, have been assigned the structures (27) and (28) although their absolute stereochemistry was not determined. A further series of clerodanes of uncertain stereochemistry has been isolated from Baccharis species, including bacrispine (29) from B. crispa and the malonate ester (30) from B. tricuneata. ... 

Dellar et al. (55) isolated the antifungal sesquiterpenes aristolen-2-one (Compound 9) and prostantherol (Compound 10) from two species of Prostanthera (Labiatae). Activity was assessed and tracked through the separation procedure by the use of direct bioautography with Cladosporium cucumerinum as the target fungus. 

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