Number Kutateladze

The coefficient B (the Kutateladze number), when determined experimentally, was found to vary significantly from one liquid to another and also with pressure. Kutateladze and Malenkov (1974) published an expression for B in correlating boiling and bubbling data,... 

To obtain a linear expression for the characteristic lengths (D), the square root of the usual Bond number was used. Ku = (fr We)1 is the Kutateladze number. Physical properties of the liquid have no subscript, gAp = g(p - pG). 

Because of the above-mentioned assumptions, one must treat the solution (5.7.6) and (5.7.7) as an approximate solution. Following (200], we generalize this solution to some practically important cases. If we take into account the inertial term in the equation of motion and the convective heat transfer in the film, then the solution of the problem shows that for the Kutateladze number A H... 

The transition conditions are given in terms of correlations with two nondimensional numbers— Wallis number which is the ratio of inertia force to hydrostatic force on a bubble or drop of diameter d, and Kutateladze number which is the ratio of the inertia force to hydrostatic force on a bubble with dimension given by Laplace constant go(p ... 

Pushkin and Sorokin (1969) studied flooding in a wide range of vertical pipes having diameter range from 6 to 309 mm. They provided with a flooding correlation using Kutateladze number which is independent of pipe diameter as... 

The presence of waves will increase the heat-transfer coefficient, so the use of equation 12.51 above a Reynolds number of 30 will give conservative (safe) estimates. The effect of waves on condensate film on heat transfer is discussed by Kutateladze (1963). 

Kutateladze s data on various surface conditions of horizontal wires and disks indicate that the average value of Km is 0.16, in a range from 0.13 to 0.19. This equation agrees well with the pool boiling critical fluxes obtained by Cichelli and Bonilla (1945) for a number of organic liquids. 

At Reynolds numbers greater than about 30, it is observed that waves form at the liquid-vapor interface although the flow in liquid film remains laminar. I he flow in this case is said to be wavy laminar. The waves at the liquid-vapor interface tend to increase heat transfer. But the waves also complicate the analysis and make it very difficult to obtain analytical solutions. Therefore, we have to rely on experimental studies. The increase in heat transfer due to the wave effect is, on average, about 20 percent, but it can exceed 50 percent. The exact amount of enhancement depends on the Reynolds number. Rased on his experimental studies, Kutateladze (1963) recommended the following relation for the average heat transfer coefficient in wavy laminar condensate flow for p p, and 30 < Re < 1800,... 

Zimmerman and Kutateladze calculated spin-orbit coupling in linear l,n-diyl biradicals (n = 3 to 8) at the CASSCF(4,4)/3-21G level with the Breit-Pauli spin-orbit Hamiltonian and analyzed it using natural bond orbitals. For diyls with an even number of carbons, symmetry forces zero SOC, whereas for those with an odd number of carbons the main terms have like signs and add, providing a nonvanishing net SOC. The maximum SOC is found at 90° orientation... 

Condensate Waves and Turbulence. As the local condensate film thickness (i.e., the film Reynolds number Rez) increases, the film will become unstable, and waves will begin to grow rapidly. This occurs for Re, > 30. Kapitza [16] has shown that, in this situation, the average film thickness is less than predicted by the Nusselt theory and the heat transfer coefficient increases accordingly. Kutateladze [17] therefore recommends that the following correction be applied to Eq. 14.12 ... 

The point has been made that successful drug candidates contain a large number of sp carbons with respect to sp carbons, a characteristics that is not easily introduced in practice, especially when stereochemistry is considered. However, Kutateladze pointed out that in this sense photochemistry is situated in a favorite position, since catalytic sp -sp carbon coupling and electrophilic substitution are well-developed methods that allow building of polysubstituted aromatic molecules, which in turn... 

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