Kolbenstvedt model

The GKLV model is based on the Kolbenstvedt model [23], which has its root in the quantum electrodynamics, with two orbit-dependent fitting parameters ent and r)ni tabulated in Table 6.3. 

M.A. Uddin, A.K.E Haque, K.R. Karim, A.K. Basak, F.B. Malik, Modified Kolbenstvedt model for the electron impact K-shell ionization cross sections of atoms and ions, Eur. Phys. J. D 37 (2006) 361. 

The total cross section in the generalized Kolbenstvedt (GKLV) model [50,51], for K-, L-, and M-shell ionization after summing the contributions over all ionized orbits, can be written as... 

Here, q is the effective charge of the target as seen by the incident electron, n is the ionic parameter for the relevant orbit, and Xni is the kinetic energy of an electron in the relevant ionized orbit. While s i influences both the peak position and magnitude, qni controls only the magnitude. The KLV model of Kolbenstvedt [23] fixes ijls = 0.499 for the E-shell ionization, such that Nu r)ni = 0.998 with Nu = 2. The appropriate forms of the relativistic factor RF and the scaling factor FM, which are detailed in Ref. [50], are, respectively, given by... 

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