K-shell ionization cross sections

Fig. 5.23. Ratio of K-shell ionization cross sections for electrons and positrons scattering from silver and copper at various impact energies -----, Born approximation calculation including a Coulomb correction (see text) -, Born...

A.K.F. Haque, M.S.I. Sarker, M.A.R. Patoary, M. Shahjahan, M. Ismail Hossain, M.A. Uddin, et al., Modified version of revised Deutsch-Mark model for electron impact K-shell ionization cross sections of atoms at relativistic energies, Int. J. Quantum Chem. 109 (2009) 1442. 

M.A. Uddin, A.K.E Haque, K.R. Karim, A.K. Basak, F.B. Malik, Modified Kolbenstvedt model for the electron impact K-shell ionization cross sections of atoms and ions, Eur. Phys. J. D 37 (2006) 361. 

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A.V. Shchagin, V.I. Pristupa, N.A. Khizhnyak, K-shell ionization cross section of Si atoms by relativistic electrons, Nucl. Instrum. Methods B 84 (1994) 9. 

W. Scholz, A. li-Scholz, R. Colle, I.L. Preiss, K-shell ionization cross sections for 2.04-MeV electrons, Phys. Rev. Lett. 29 (1972) 761 A. Li-Scholz, R. Colle, I.L. Preiss, W. Scholz, Cross sections for K-shell ionization by 2-MeV-Electron impact, Phys. Rev. A 7 (1973) 1957. 

C.H. Tang, Z. An, T.H. Li, Z.M. Luo, Measurement of zinc and manganese K-shell ionization cross-sections by electron impact, Nucl. Instrum. Methods B 155 (1999) 1. 

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Fig. 9.3 K-shell ionization cross section for protons on gold. Open circle experimenttil data by Kamiya et al. [30] broken curve HFR H curve RHFR chain curve RHFR with binding-eneigy and Coulomb-deflection effects dotted curve Brandt-Lapicki theory (ECPSSR) [32]...

These range measurements were integral in nature. However, also in the early sixties, the first measurements pertaining to single collisions were published. Hansen et al. [2.10] and Hansen and Flammersfeld [2.11] used a p spectrometer to velocity-select electrons and positrons stemming from radioactive sources. With these particles, they measured the K-shell ionization cross section for a variety of heavy atoms. Due to the low projectile intensity, they had to use several days ( ) of data-collection time per point to obtain a reasonable accuracy. In general, the result was that no systematic difference between o-K(e ) and 0- (6 ) could be observed. However, as seen in fig. 2.1, where their results for an Ag target are shown, at the lowest projectile velocity, there is an indication that ) I discussed in section 4, additional, more accurate, experiments,... 

Fig. 4.15. The ratio between the K-shell ionization cross sections of Ag for positron and electron impact. Measurements by Ito et al. [3.49] and Ebel et al. [3.17]. The arrow indicates the K-shell ionization potential.

Fig. 5.4. K-shell ionization cross sections in a scaled plot as prescribed by the first Bom approxiniatkm. The parameter is the ratio of the square of the velocity of the projectile to that of the drcolating electron and 8 is a screening parameter. See Basbas et al. [1.7] for a list of the sources of the data.

Some papers report measurements of Oj for K and higher shells with relativistic electrons up to ultra relativistic energies [12] with reference to theory by Kolbenstvedt [13]. K- and L-shell ionization of atoms Z = 18 to 92 by relativistic electrons were calculated for incident energy 50 keV to 1 GeV and compared to experimental results [14] but no data are given for platinum elements. The same applies to a former systematic study of the K-shell ionization cross sections at 2 MeV for elements between Z = 23 and 83 but curves as a function of Z with comparison to [13] may be useful [15]. 

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