Klotz plot

For the Klotz plot, this expression is transformed to yield ... 

SCATCHARD PLOT KLOTZ PLOT ALLOSTERISM COOPERATIVITY HILL EQUATION AND PLOT WOMACK-COLOWICK DIALYSIS METHOD... 

In a second experiment designed to determine thermodynamic binding constants of pyrazines with the protein types, only a 400 mg level of protein was used. This was equivalent to a 16% soy substituted ground beef. The protein was preheated in the microreactor prior to injecting 2 microliters of a standard solution of methyl substituted pyrazines in heptane. Six concentrations from 3mM to 0.03mM were tested at 120° and 145°C. The standard solutions were heated under the same conditions as was the diffusate. Replicate values were averaged and binding parameters were determined from Klotz plots of the results. 

The stoichiometry and energetics of alkyl pyrazines binding to soy proteins were determined from the free, [L], and bound, u, ligand concentration and the amount of protein (12). A double reciprocal plot of 1/u vs 1/[L], a Klotz plot, yielded a straight line with the equation ... 

Figure 9.7. Lineweaver-Burk or Klotz plots of data indicative of (a)negative cooperativity, where at least two distinct linear regions are seen (as shown here), or (b) positive cooperativity.

Figure 3 shows the Klotz plots according to the expression... 

The data points in the plot of r/[D] vs. r for MPVI + MO in 0.01 M NaCl (Figure 4) shows a downward curvature, which is expected from the nonlinear nature of the Klotz plots shown in Figure 3. By taking into account the neighboring bound dye-dye interaction, Equation 2 can be... 

In some cases more complex reaction schemes may give rise to linear Scatchard plots (Conners, 1987), and nonlinear plots may arise from a number of experimental artefacts, e.g., failure to reach equilibrium at low ligand concentrations. The interpretation of this particular linearisation approach has been the subject of many articles to which the reader is referred for further insight (Boeynaems and Dumont, 1975 Norby et al., 1980 Klotz, 1982, 1983 Hulme, 1992). 

Klotz equation v vs A plot Straight line Non-cooperativity... 

G. Sposito, On the use of the Langmuir equation in the interpretation of adsorption phenomena. II The two-surface Langmuir equation. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 46 1147 (1982). See also I. M. Klotz, Numbers of receptor sites from Scatchard graphs Facts and fantasies. Science 217 1247 (1982). (In the literature of macromolecular chemistry, Fig. 4.2 is known as a Scatchard plot.)... 

Klotz, I. M 1982. Numbers of receptor sites from Seatchard plots facts and fantasies. Science 217 1247-1249. 

In their listing of subunit constitution of proteins, Darnall and Klotz (1972) considered more than 500 proteins. From this table, the frequency of occurrence of the different oligomeric proteins according to the number of subunits was plotted by Raibaud (1977) (Fig. 2.40). Clearly the dimeric proteins are the most frequent, and to a lower extent the tetramers. The frequency of occurrence rapidly decreases with the increasing number of subunits. 

Figure IX-F-26. Plot of the estimated photolysis frequencies for biacetyl in the lower troposphere assuming an overhead ozone column of 350 DU. Two alternative wavelengths for the cutoff of photodissodation have been assumed. The data given by the dashed curve are estimates derived using the relation fory(biacetyl)//(N02) determined by Klotz et al. (2001) in EUPHORE chamber...

The absorption cross sections for the benzene oxide/oxepin are plotted in figure IX-L-2 and given in tabular form in table IX-L-1, where the high resolution data of Klotz et al. (1998a) have been averaged over eachnm (centered on the wavelengths shown). 

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