Shriveled kernels

Kernels damaged by trichothecene contamination can be removed by the use of gravity separators reducing inoculum and humidity in storage. Separation of shriveled kernels and washing of grain have been reported as eliminating up to 74% of deoxynivalenol. 

SELECTION, PREPARATION, AND USES. Almonds in shells should be free from splits, cracks, stains, or holes. Moldy nuts should be discarded. Nutmeats should be plump and fairly uniform in color and size. Limp, rubbery, dark, or shriveled kernels are likely to be stale. If antioxidants are added to delay the onset of rancidity, thus extending the shelf life of packag nutmeat, they are listed on the package. 

This type of kernel damage is highly important, especially in wheat and rice. A shriveled kernel is generally smaller, and has a wrinkled pericarp and a relatively low amount of endosperm. These grains are produced when environmental conditions such as the lack of water or nutrients, heat stress, early frosts, and plant diseases do not favor the development of the grain in the inflorescence. A high incidence of... 

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