Kermes vermilio

Kermococcus vermilio PLANCHON (Kermes vermilio (PLANCH.) TARG.) formerly Kermes ilicis L. (10) (Coccidae) (C.I. Natural Red 3)... 

Figure 3. TLC of hydroxyanthraquinones from red insect dyes. I, cochineal 2, lac dye and 3, Kermes vermilio.

Figure 4. Distinction of hydroxyanthraquinones from kermes types by TLC. Layer material Mikropolyamid F 1700 solvent butanone-formic acid (7 3) and color reaction uranyl acetate. I, Kermes vermilio 2, Kermes ilicis 3, kermes (Iran 1979) 4, cochineal and 5, Kermes vermilio.

Although the drift possibilities with the Apple tree are extensive and engaging, we are no nearer the solution. We must return to the start of the riddle find another drift or current that will lead to a solution. Fulcanelli hinted that we should specially note the Oak tree that nourishes the kerm. This is the Gaulish kerm-oak. It is the scarlet-oak or holly oak ascribed to Nergal and Mars. " The kerm of this tree is actually a scarlet female cochineal insect Coccus ilicis or Kermes vermilio from which the Greeks extracted royal scarlet dye. ... 

The Coronation robe of the Emperors of the Holy Roman Empire (imperium Romanum Sacrum) was manufactured around 1134 in the Royal silk factory in Palermo for the Norman king, Roger //. The beautiful red colour came from Kermes vermilio. 

Kermesic acid in Kermes from insect species such as Kermes vermilio Planchon. eaidKennococcus illicis. 

Kermesic acid is 9,10-dihydro-3,5,6,8-tetrahydroxy-l-methyl-9,10-dioxo-2-anthracenecarboxyhc acid the structure has been determined by GadgU et al. (1968). It is the principal compoimd foimd in dye extracted from the kermes insect Kermes vermilio Planchon and also, to a lesser extent, the so-called Pohsh cochineal insect Porphyrophorapolonica L. and to an even lesser extent the Armenian cochineal Porphyrophora hamelii Brandt. This consists principally of kermesic acid, although the related... 

The red insect dyes from Dactylopius coccus COSTA (American cochineal), Kermococcus vermilio PLANCHON (kermes), and Kerria lacca KERR (lac dye) can also be readily distinguished by thin-layer chromatographic comparison. 

Dactylopius coccus COSTA, which produces American cochineal Kermococcus vermilio PLANCHON, which produces kermes ... 

The thin-layer chromatogram shows at first sight that the red samples of the coronation robe and of the Tunicella have been dyed with kermes (Kermococcus vermilio PLANCHON). As the comparison shows, not only the green spot of kermesic acid, but also the red spot of flavokermesic acid is clearly visible. 

Kermes spp. K. ballotae K. vermilio Planch Kermesidae Kermes Kermesic acid [Flavokermesic acid] Schweppe K. vermilio is the primary... 

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