Keratinocytes neurotransmitter receptors

As I described in another chapter, epidermal keratinocytes carry a series of receptors, which were originally found in the central nervous system as neurotransmitter receptors. These receptors can be categorized in two groups, that is, ionotropic receptors and G-protein-coupled receptors. 

Another immunofiltration-based investigation was reported by Hu et al. [64] for the detection of the Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus (VEE). Further specifications and a more detailed flow-chamber system are described in Ref. [65], where different kinds of mammalian, human and tumour cells (human keratinocytes, B82, MESS-SA and DX5, respectively) have been applied to demonstrate irritancy determination, detection of receptor-mediated triggering of cells and chemotherapeutic efficacy testing. Owicki et al. reported the study of cellular responses of different cells (keratinocytes, CHO and B82 with different expressions) to hormones and neurotransmitters with the same principle as above [66,67]. The determination of a small quantity of enzyme (urease) was... 

Recently we demonstrated that a variety of receptors of neurotransmitters exist in epidermal keratinocytes and moreover, they are strongly associated with skin permeability barrier condition and epidermal hyperproliferation.45-47... 

Epidermis is an interface between body and environment. The basic mechanism of the smart system of the epidermis has not been clarified yet, but epidermal ion dynamics in the epidermis plays an important role as a signaling system.47,49 As described earlier, a variety of receptors of neurotransmitters are found in the keratinocytes. Recently, the existence and function of vanilloid receptor subtype 1 (VR1, TRPV1) in epidermal keratinocytes has been demonstrated (Figure 10.2).50,51... 

---