Kaluza-Klein

A.A. Arkhipov, Hadronic Spectra and Kaluza-Klein picture of the World AIP Conf.Proc.717 680-684 (2003) and references therein. 

Kaluza-Klein theory (named after two European scientists) suggests the existence of additional dimensions that are rolled up or compactified in such a way that they are undetectable at macroscopic levels. 

Below we present the idea of self-interacting dark matter and gravitationally-produced WIMPZILLAs. Other interesting candidates have been proposed recently in models with extra dimensions, such as Kaluza-Klein dark matter ( Cheng, Feng Matchev (2002)) and branons (Cembranos, Dobado Maroto (2003)). 

Cheng, H. C., Feng, J. L., Matchev, K. T. 2002. Kaluza-Klein dark matter, Phys. Rev. Lett.89, 211301... 

A five-dimensional wave equation based on Kaluza-Klein theory in the absence of gravitation has the form... 

Unification of the gravitational and electromagnetic fields was achieved qualitatively in terms of the Kaluza-Klein (KK) five-dimensional model (4.6). 

P.S. Wesson, Space, Time, Matter Modern Kaluza-Klein Theory, 1999, World Scientific, Singapore. 

Additional spatial dimensions beyond the three we move in (anywhere from one extra, as in traditional Kaluza-Klein theory, up to 11 or thereabouts) imply the possibility of extra symmetries, extra conserved quantities, and a lowest-mass particle that cannot decay without violating that conservation law and which is, therefore, a possible DM candidate. Some names we caught were ... 

On the theoretical side, simple cosmological models with a varying fine structure constant have now been developed (see, for example, Sandvik et al., 2002 Barrow etal., 2002b). They share some properties with Kaluza-Klein-type models in which a varies at the same rate as the extra dimensions of space (see, for example, Damour and Polyakov, 1994) and with varying-speed-of-light theories (see, for example, Albrecht and Magueijo, 1999 Barrow and Magueijo, 2000). 

Apart from interesting speculations the modern theory produces little more than classical Kaluza-Klein theory. 

Ponce de Leon, J. (1988) Cosmological models in Kaluza-Klein theory with variable rest mass, Gen. Rel. Grav., 1988 (20) 539-550. 

It seems to me that the appropriate computational structure for our purpose was that briefly presented by B. Hoffmann and myself in the Physical Review (1930) in connection with earlier work in the Quarterly Journal of Mathematics (Oxford Series 1930). The correspondence with the formalism of the Kaluza-Klein theory is so complete that Hoffmann and I described our theory as the geometrical meaning of Kaluza-Klein. However, it must be emphasized that our theory starts from a totally different physical and geometrical point of view as Kaluza. In particular, we infer no link between electric charge and a fifth coordinate our theory is rather four-dimensional throughout. 

Gauge Field Theories, 1986 High Energy Astrophysics, 1987 Experimental Techniques in High Energy Physics, 1987 Modem Kaluza-Klein Theories, 1987... 

Strings associated with bosons are only consistent as quantum theories in a 26-dimensional space-time those associated with fermions are only consistent as quantum theories in 10-dimensional space-time. It is thought that four macroscopic dimensions arise by a Kaluza-Klein theory mechanism, with the remaining dimensions being curled up to become very small, although other possibUlties for the higher dimensions have been put forward. 

Although the analysis of CMBR excludes the domination of hot dark matter, i.e., relativistic weakly interacting particles, like light neutrinos, there stfll exists a plethora of more exotic propositions for the constituents of dark matter, not yet accessible for experimental verification, like primordial black holes, nonthermal WIMPzdlas, and the so-called Kaluza-Klein excitations of higher-dimensional theories. 

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