Jugular venous distension

JVD Jugular venous distension tiple sclerosis morphine sulfate... 

The efficacy of diuretic treatment is evaluated by disappearance of the signs and symptoms of excess fluid retention. Physical examination should focus on body weight, extent of jugular venous distension, presence of hepatojugular reflux, and presence and severity of pulmonary congestion (rales, dyspnea on exertion, orthopnea, paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea) and peripheral edema. 

However, patients with ACS may present with signs of acute heart failure, including jugular venous distension and an S3 sound on auscu Itation. 

Heart failure—jugular venous distension, edema... 

Cardiovascular—jugular venous distension, edema, skin cool and pale, with decreased capillary refill (> 4 seconds) Signs of hypovolemia and possible heart failure, hypertension may be present if fluid overload... 

On physical examination she was normoten-sive. The heart rate was eighty-six and the rhythm at the time was regular. No murmur was evident. The point of maximum impulse was shifted to the left. There was jugular venous distension and mild ankle edema. She had scars of the neck, anterior chest —midline and left pectoral area, relative to previous surgeries. The protrusion of a mechanical device was evident in her abdominal wall. 

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