Bronsted. Johannes Nicolaus

Johannes Nicolaus Bronsted and Thomas Martin Lowry simultaneously developed the proton donor/acceptor theory of acids and bases in the... 

Johannes Nicolaus Bronsted S/iflCB mechanism (substitution, nucleophilic, first order, conjugate base)... 

Acids are compounds that ionise to release hydrogen ions, or protons, to their surroundings. Bases are compounds that can accept hydrogen ions. This is called the Bransted-Lowry definition of acids and bases (named after yet another Scandinavian chemist, Johannes Nicolaus Bronsted, and Thomas Martin Lowry, who was British). There are other ways of explaining acidity and basicity, but the Bransted-Lowry theory works most of the time, and will be used throughout this book. 

A new definition for acids and bases, building upon the one already proposed by Arrhenius, was brought forth independently by Johannes Nicolaus Bronsted and Thomas Martin Lowry in 1923. Tlie new definition did not depend on a substance s dissolution in water for definition, but instead suggested that a substance was acidic if it readily donated a proton (H ) to a reaction and a substance was basic if it accepted a proton in a reaction. 

Johannes Nicolaus Bronsted was a physical chemist whose work resulted in a new theory of acids and bases. He was born in the town of Varde in Jutland (Denmark), where his father was an engineer for the Danish Heath Society. His mother died shortly after his birth. When his father died in 1893, young Bronsted relocated to Copenhagen, where he was admitted to the old Latin school (high school), the Metropolitanskolen. He passed the school s final examinations in 1897. 

According to proton theory by Johannes Nicolaus Bronsted (1879-1947) and Thomas Martin Lowry (1874-1936), substance exchange by H ions is a very important reaction called acid-base or protolytic (or simply protolysis). 

Johannes Nicolaus Bronsted (Varde, W. Jutland, 22 February 1879-Coperihagen, 17 December 1947), professor of physical and inorganic chemistry in the University of Copenhagen, developed G. N. Lewis s idea of activity, studied reaction kinetics, and held very curious views on the second law of thermodynamics, although he did... 

In 1923 the Arrhenius idea of adds and bases was extended by the British chemist Thomas Martin Lowry (1874-1936) and, independently, by the Danish physical chemist Johannes Nicolaus Bronsted (1879-1947). In the Lowry-Bronsted theory an acid is a compound that can donate a proton and a base is a compound that can accept a proton. Proton donators are called Bronsted acids (or protic acids) and proton acceptors are called Bronsted bases. For example, in the reaction ... 

These acids and bases were named after Johannes Nicolaus Bronsted (1879-1947). 

Berthollet, Claude-Louis Berzelius, Jons Jakob Black, Joseph Bohr, Niels Boltzmann, Ludwig Boyle, Robert Bragg, William Henry Bragg, William Lawrence Bronsted, Johannes Nicolaus Bunsen, Robert... 

SEE ALSO Arrhenius, Svante Bases Bronsted, Johannes Nicolaus ... 

Bronsted, Johannes Nicolaus (1879-1947) Danish physical chemist in 1923 he introduced the protonic theory of acid-base reactions, simultaneously with the English chemist Thomas Martin Lowry. 

Johannes Nicolaus Brdnsted (1879-1947). Danish chemist. In addition to his theory of acids and bases, Br0nsted worked on thermodynamics and the separation of mercury into its isotopes. In some books. Brpnsted acids and bases are called Bronsted-Lowry acids and bases. Thomas Martin Lowry (1874—1936). English chemist. Brpnsted and Lowry developed essentially the same acid-base theory independently in 1923. 

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