Italy activity indicators

Titanium Silicates. A number of titanium siUcate minerals are known (160) examples are Hsted in Table 19. In most cases, it is convenient to classify these on the basis of the connectivity of the SiO building blocks, eg, isolated tetrahedra, chains, and rings, that are typical of siUcates in general. In some cases, the SiO units may be replaced, even if only to a limited extent by TiO. For example, up to 6% of the SiO in the garnet schorlomite can be replaced by TiO. In general, replacement of SiO by TiO bull ding blocks increases the refractive indices of these minerals. Ti has also replaced Si in the framework of various zeofltes. In addition, the catalytic activity of both titanium-substituted ZSM-5 (TS-1) and ZSM-11 (TS-2) has received attention (161), eg, the selective oxidation of phenol, with hydrogen peroxide, to hydroquinone and catechol over TS-1 has been operated at the 10,000 t/yr scale in Italy (162). 

In phase I clinical trials 47 patients, all of whom had previously failed standard treatments for solid tumors, received the drug in the UK, Italy, and Switzerland on three different schedules.123,124 Dose-limiting toxicities have been defined as bone marrow depression and diarrhea. The latter is treatable with loperamide. Signs of biological activity were seen. Notably one patient with metastatic pancreatic cancer showed a partial response (for 4 months) and two further patients, one with metastatic melanoma and one with bronchoalveolar carcinoma, also showed partial responses. In a phase I trial in combination with 5-FU, a partial response in breast cancer was observed.125 Furthermore, a reduction in tumor marker levels was observed in two patients, one with ovarian cancer, and one with colon cancer. Phase II studies have shown partial responses in cisplatin-resistant ovarian and nonsmall-cell lung cancer.126,127 The indications are that the profile of clinical activity is different and complementary to the mononuclear platinum agents. 

Particular attention is given to the D-Roms test (14), which is very simple and has been used also to evaluate the antioxidant activity of some products in patients and healthy subjects. The test is based on the determination of hydroperoxides that are derivatives of oxidized lipids and consequently indicate the OS at cellular level. The test is used for the epidemiological study on metabolic syndrome, in Italy by the European Society of Biological Nutrition. 

As indicated earlier, incineration plants usually rely on a combination of the above mentioned devices. Enea and Federambiente (2006) found that different combinations are used in Italy, even though dry and semi-dry techniques are preferred for acid gas control and SNCR is favored over SCR for NOx control, with a large use of activated carbon adsorption for removal of micropollutants. 

Soil samples collected from some targeted locations in Kosovo and South Serbia where concentration was up to 4,000 mg U kg soil showed a constant ratio of 236U/238U (2.6 X 10 to 2.7 X 10" ) indicating that the used DU ammunition came from a batch of uranium that had been irradiated in a reactor and then reprocessed [114,122]. The presence of U from irradiated uranium could imply the presence of traces of Pu in the DU. The total Pu concentration found in Kosovo soil samples which contained DU [(5.5 1.1) x 10 g g" ] was similar to ones which did not contain DU [(4.4 0.5) x 10" g g ] with the Pu/ Pu ratio of 0.35 0.10 and 0.27 0.07, respectively [104]. Specific activities of 2 Pu in these soil samples, calculated from ICP-MS measurements, were 1.6 and 2.1 Bq kg", respectively. This activity range corresponded to the plutonium specific activity in soil found in central Italy, after contamination with fallout from Chernobyl in 1986... 

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