Isocyanate silane coupling agent

Figure 13.10 The isocyanate-containing silane coupling agent can be used to couple hydroxyl-containing molecules to inorganic surfaces. The reactions should be done in dry organic solvent to prevent hydrolysis of the reactive group.

Fast drying hybrid urushi was developed [97]. Kurome urushi was reacted with silane-coupling agents possessing an amino, epoxy or isocyanate group, resulting... 

Polymers that set by chemical reaction may react not only within the components of pre-polymer mixtures, but also with the substrate. This occurs principally with pre-polymers that are sensitive to water, such as isocyanates in polyurethanes and silanes. The chemical links can be deliberately created by using a reactive primer, e.g. a silane coupling agent. Many water-soluble polymers, e.g. poly(vinyl alcohol) and cellulose derivatives, may be expected to adhere more strongly and irreversibly because of the presence of reactive groups on degraded objects. 

Natural fibers are hydrophilic and do not tend to be easily wetted or bond well with many matrix materials, particularly the commodity thermoplastics. Coupling agents, such as maleated polyolefins, silanes, and isocyanates, are often necessary for adequate performance. A wide variety of coupling agents, fiber surface modifications, and treatments has been investigated for use in natural fiber plastic composites and are reviewed elsewhere [22]. 

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