Iso Valerates

Equip a 1 litre bolt-head flask with dropi)ing fuuncl and a double surface reflux condenser to the top of the latter attach a device (e.g.. Fig. II, 8, 1. c) for the absorption of the hydrogen bromide evolved. Place 100 g. (108 ml.) of dry iso-valeric acid (Section 111,80) and 12 g. of pmified red phosphorus (Section 11,50,5) in the flask. Add 255 g. (82 ml.) of dry bromine (Section 11,49,5) slowly through the dropping funnel at such a rate that little or no bromine is lost with the hydrogen bromide evolved the addition occupies 2-3 hours. Warm the reaction mixture on a water bath until the evolution of hydrogen bromide is complete and the colour of the bromine has disappeared. Pour off the liquid reaction product into a Claisen flask and distil mider the reduced pressure of a water pump. Collect the a-bromo-wo-valeryl bromide at 117-122°/25-30 mm. The yield is 150 g. 

Valeriana offleinalis valerine, 778 iso Valeric acid, 90 Valeroidine, 64, 66, 90, 100 norValeroidine, 90... 

Methylbutyl iso valerate, ml 77 Methyl tert-butyl ketone, h70 Methyl caprate, m226 Methyl caproate, m270 Methyl caprylate, m349 Methyl carbazate, m275... 

Hg), nD 1.4269 at 20°. Prepd by reacting NaNO 2-bromo-ethyl-iso-valerate phloroglucinol in dimethylsulfoxide or dimethylformamide Refs 1) Beil, not found 2) N. Komblum et al, JACS 79, 2507-9(1957) CA 51, 13795 (1957)... 

Menthol is the isomer that occurs most widely in nature. It is the main component of peppermint and cornmint oils obtained from the Mentha piperita and Mentha arvensis species. Esterified menthol also occurs in these oils (e.g., as the acetate and iso valerate). Other menthol stereoisomers may be present in these oils as well. 

Azido-iso-valeric Acid. See under Valeric Acid and Beil 2, 318... 

Kon, 109 Perkin, 108 n-Valeraldehyde, 322 n-Valeric acid, 354, 355,357,359,487 iso-Valeric acid, 354, 355 n-Valeronitrile, 408 Vanadium pentoxide catalyst, 463 Vapour pressure, 1, 2 of mixtures, 6-11 Veratraldehyde, 803, 804 Veratronitrile, 803, 804 Veronal, 1002, 1003 Vibro mixer, 65 Vinylacetio acid, 463, 465... 

---