Isatis tinctoria

Indigo was originally made from two plants. One is woad, Isatis tinctoria, a native of Greece and Italy, and the other is indigo, Indigofera tinctoria, a native of India. At the end of the nineteenth century, German scientists synthesized the dye, and production from plant sources declined. Most of the dye today comes from China. 

T. Maugard, E. Enaud, P. Choisy and M.D. Legoy, Identification of an indigo precursor from leaves of Isatis tinctoria (Woad), Phytochemistry, 58, 897 904 (2001). 

Mohn T, Cutting B, Ernst B, Hamburger M (2007) Extraction and analysis of intact glucosinolates-a validated pressurized liquid extraction/liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry protocol for Isatis tinctoria, and qualitative analysis of other cruciferous plants. J Chromatogr 1166 142-151... 

Isatis tinctoria L. China Quercetin, kaempferol, stachyose, manneotetrose, lupeose, cicerose, isatan, indoxyl-5-ketogluconate.50 Antiviral, antibacterial, increase blood flow, improve microcirculation, lower blood pressure. 

N.A. Isatis tinctoria L. No information is available in the literature. For meningitis, encephalitis, mumps, influenza, erysipelas, heat rash, sore throat, abscesses, and swellings.345... 

Blue dyeings were also produced in Europe. Here the process involved using the woad plant (Isatis tinctoria) without isolation of the dye. The cities of Erfurt and Toulouse were important centres of cultivation [3], In the 1600s, Indian indigo captured the market in Europe because of its lower price and more brilliant shade. 

The fermentation mix can also be used directly for dyeing. The textile is impregnated with the fermenting mash and then blued by oxidation in the air. This type of dyeing was carried out with woad (Isatis tinctoria ). Pure indigo dye was not extracted from woad because of its low content of indican (15). 

Strobilanthes cusia (Acanthaceae), Isatis tinctoria (woad) (Brassicaceae), Couroupita guaianensis (Lecithidaceae), Polygonum tinctorum (Polygonaceae) woad yielded blue dye and body paint of ancient Britons e.g. Boadicea... 

Couroupitine A) Isatis tinctoria (woad) (Brassicaceae), expression inhibits NO PGE2... 

Isolated from the woad plant, Isatis tinctoria, as a bistetramethylammonium salt, and co-occurring with glucobrassicin (4a) and neoglucobrassicin (4b), there has been obtained another 3-indolylglucosinolate (4c), which is the first natural indole IV-sulphonate to be recognized.11 The location of the sulphonate substituent was established by the absence of the characteristic i.r. and n.m.r. spectral... 

Tryptanthrin (53) C15H8N2O2 268 (261) Candida lipolytica (131) Couroupita guaianensis Aubl. (126,146) Isatis tinctoria (129) Leucopaxillus cerealis var. piceina (Peck) (132) Polygonum tinctorum (129,147)... 

Isatis tinctoria L. SCN dyer s woad OCN woad Part root... 

The most important source of blue colourants in Europe was woad (Isatis tinctoria), from which indigo could be produced (cf. Section 2.1). Chemically related are the purple dyes obtained in ancient times from sea-snails of the genus Murex (cf. Section 2.2). Depending on the particular species of snail, violet to reddish-purple textile dyes can be obtained. Tyrian purple and indigo are both vat dyes. 

In 1992, Xia and Zenk could show in feeding studies with C-labelled indole and 3- C-labelled (S)-tryptophan on various plants, including Polygonum tinctorium, Indigofera tinctoria and Isatis tinctoria, that the metabolism does not involve tryptophan directly, but proceeded via indole. [16] In the biosynthesis of indoxyl, tryptophan is first degraded, by means of a tryptophanase, to indole, and this is then hydroxylated. [17] Finally, indoxyl binds to various sugars. 

Thereby indican (lH-indol-3-yl /l-(D)-glucoside) from Indigofera tinctoria), and respectively isatan A and B (liT-indol-3-yl 6 -0-malonyl-(D)-ribohex-3 -ulopyranoside and liT-indol-3-yl jS-(D)-ribohex-3 -ulopyranoside from Isatis tinctoria and Polygonum tinctorium), are all cleaved enzymatically by jS-glucosidases. [13,19]... 

Isatan A R Isatan B R = H Isatis tinctoria. Polygonum tinctorium)... 

Indican (3-hydroxyindole p-o-glucoside) (82) occurs mainly in the genera Indigofera (Fabaceae), Isatis (Brassica-ceae), and Polygonum (Polygonaceae). When L-[5- H]tryp-tophan was administered to young plants of Isatis tinctoria (woad) and Polygonum tinctorium, radioactively labeled indican was isolated (Maier et al., 1990). In the woad plant. 

Maier, W., B. Schumann, and D. Groger, Biosynthesis of indoxyl derivatives in Isatis tinctoria and Polygonum tinctorium. Phytochemistry, 29, 817-819 (1990). 

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