Iron fertilization experiment

The results of two successful iron-fertilization experiments in the eastern equatorial Pacific have clearly shown that phytoplankton growth rate is limited by iron at that location (Martin et al., 1994 Coale et al., 1996). The species composition and size distributions of the ecosystem are influenced by iron availability (Landry et al., 1997). In particular, large diatoms do not grow at optimum rates in the absence of sufficient iron. Loukos et al. (1997) used a simple... 

Coale, K. H., Johnson, K. S., Fitzwater, S. E. et al. (1996). A massive phytoplankton bloom induced by an ecosystem-scale iron fertilization experiment in the equatorial Pacific Ocean. Nature 383, 495-501. 

Coale, K. H., K. S. Johnson, S. E. Fitzwater, R. M. Gordon, S. Tanner, F. P. Chavez, L. Ferioli, C. Sakamoto, P. Rogers, F. Millero, P. Steinberg, P. Nightingale, D. Cooper, W. P. Cochlan, M. R. Landry, J. Constantinou, G. Rollwagen, A. Trasvina, and R. Kudela. 1996. A massive phytoplankton bloom induced by an ecosystem-scale iron fertilization experiment in the equatorial Pacific Ocean. Nature 383 495-501... 

Verity PG, Villareal TA, Smayda TJ (1988) Ecological investigations of blooms of colonial Phaeocystis pouchetti - 1. Abundance, biochemical composition, and metabolic rates. J Plankton Res 10(2) 219-248 Watson SW, Novitsky TJ, Quinby HL, Valois FW (1977) Determination of bacterial number and biomass in the marine environment. Appl Environ Microbiol 33 940-946 Weaver RS, Kirchman DL, Hutchins DA (2003) Utilization of iron/organic ligand complexes by marine bacterioplank-ton. Aquat Microb Ecol 31 227-239 Weinbauer MG, Arrieta JM, Hemdl GJ (2003) Stimulation of viral infection of bacterioplankton during a mesoscale iron fertilization experiment in the Southern ocean. Geo-phys Res abstracts 5 12280... 

Walter, S., Peeken, I., Lochte, K., Webb, A., and Bange, H. W. (2005). Nitrous oxide measurements during EIFEX, the European Iron Fertilization Experiment, in the subpolar South Atlantic Ocean. Geophys. Res. Lett. 32, L 23613, doi 10.1029/2005GL024619. 

Watson, A. J., Liss, P., Duce, R. (1991). Design of a small-scale in situ iron fertilization experiment. Limnol. Oceanogr. 36, 1960-1965. 

Coale K. H., Johnson K. S., Fitzwater S. E., Gordon R. M., Tanner S., Chavez F., Ferioli L., Sakamoto C., Rogers P., Millero F. J., Steinberg P., Nightingale P., Cooper D., Cochlan W., Landry M., Constantinou L, RoUwagen G., and Travina A. (1996) A massive phytoplankton blooms induced by an ecosystem iron fertilization experiment in the equatorial Pacific Ocean. Nature 383, 495—501. 

Fig. 7.4 Surface seawater C02 concentration during an iron-fertilization experiment. After...

An interesting example of a well defined localized perturbation of the plankton ecosystem was produced by the SOIREE iron fertilization experiment (Abraham et al., 2000) with the aim to test the hypothesis of iron limitation of growth in regions with high nutrient, but low natural phytoplankton concentration. As it was expected,... 

Criticism that such small-scale, enclosed experiments may not accurately reflect the response of the HNLC system at the level of the community has led to several large-scale iron fertilization experiments in the equatorial Pacific and Southern Ocean. These have been some of the most dramatic... 

Law GS, Watson AJ, Liddicoat MI, and Stanton T (1998) Sulfer hexafloride as a tracer of biogeochemical and physical processes in an open-ocean iron fertilization experiment. Deep-Sea Research Part II 45 977-994. 

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