Inventive metabolism

Catalase is one of the oldest known enzymes and was developed when life became aerobic, i.e. when organisms started to use oxygen. When a cell uses oxygen in its metabolism HP is very often produced as a by-product. However HP is toxic to the cells, so they need some defence mechanism. Catalase was invented by the evolution to protect living cells from HP. 

In summary, the capacity to synthesize both hemoproteins and iron sulfur proteins appears to be a ubiquitous attribute in organisms attacking reduced inorganic substrates. If the reactions by which these cells obtain energy represent relics of ancient forms of metabolism, it can only be concluded that heme formation and iron-sulfur coordination must have been invented at a very early stage in evolution. 

The first lecture given by Tomas Hokfelt, who pioneered anatomical studies based on amine fluorescence, was entitled, Neuroanatomy for the Neurochemist while the second lecture given by Louis Sokoloff, who invented the methodology of functional brain imaging originally based on metabolism of radionuclide labeled-2-deoxyglucose, was entitled Neurochemistry for the Neuroanatomist . The history and further information... 

In recent years newly invented detection devices have enabled scientists to investigate the minute quantities of materials that are involved in our metabolic processes. The super oxide anion (Op is one of the enemies of the cells of our bodies. It is generated as a by-product of respiration with oxygen and is also made by specially activated white blood cells. In normal healthy people the body has its own way of disposing of these ions using of an enzyme called super oxide... 

Invention Significance Resistance against the metabolic effects... 

Invention Significance Diabetes mellitus is characterized by metabolic... 

As will be discussed below, respiration requires electron acceptors, and many of the lithotrophic modes of metabolism require oxygen, making many believe that they were rather late metabolic inventions, occurring only after the world was oxic, or at least after oxygen respiration was invented. This is not necessarily the case, for a variety of reasons first, the invention of oxygenic photosynthesis, and the resulting... 

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