Interpenetrating polymer networks applications

Polyfunctional H nbranes via Interpenetrating Polymer Networks Application to Metal Ion Separations... 

IPNs are found in many applications though this is not always recognised. For example conventional crosslinked polyester resins, where the polyester is unsaturated and crosslinks are formed by copolymerisation with styrene, is a material which falls within the definition of an interpenetrating polymer network. Experimental polymers for use as surface coatings have also been prepared from IPNs, such as epoxy-urethane-acrylic networks, and have been found to have promising properties. 

The ultimate goal of bulk modification endows with the polymer-specific surface composition or a specific property for a given application. The bulk modification can be classified into blending, copolymerization, interpenetrating polymer networks (IPNs), etc. 

Viscoelastic Interpenetrating Polymer Networks (IPNs) have potential utility in many noise and vibration damping applications. Interpenetrating Polymer Networks (IPN) are a new class of materials consisting of multi-component crosslinked polymer systems. IPNs are distinguished from their parent polymer materials by a general characteristic that crosslinking occurs exclusively in. 

In order achieve the demands of expanded applications, new additives for surface modifications were developed. These additives are often fluoro compounds [13], sometimes fluoroalkylsilanes [14], and in many cases alkylsilanes. When these additives are incorporated into a polymer matrix, the extremely valuable properties of these chemicals like chemical inertness, thermo-oxidative stability, and resistance against water can be transferred to the whole polymer system. This incorporation can either be achieved by chemical bonding to the resin matrix or by formation of an interpenetrating polymer network. 

Sperling, L.H. Interpenetrating polymer networks. In Comprehensive Polymer Science-The Synthesis Characterization, Reactions and Applications of Polymers, Allen, G., Bevington, J.C., Eds. Pergamon Press New York, 1989 Vol. 6 (Polymer Reactions), 423-436. 

The term interpenetrating polymer networks was coined by John Millar in 1960, who prepared homo-IPNs (an IPN with both polymers identical) of polystyrene [Millar, I960]. Millar knew about Solt s work, and his objective was to increase the size of suspension particles of polystyrene intended for ion-exchange applications. 

Interpenetrating polymer networks (IPN s) have been studied since the 1960 s although specific blends exhibiting those features were prepared long before. Barrett and Sperling [1993] recendy reviewed the types of IPN s available along with present and potential applications. Specific applications presently utilized include biomedical,... 

Full or semi-interpenetrating polymer networks (IPNs) can be designed to exhibit shape memory effects. In an IPN system, the network properties play an important role in controlling the shape memory performance. The hydro-philicity, transition temperatures, and mechanical properties of IPNs can be conveniently adjusted through variation of network compositions to match the desired applications. 

L. Zhao, Z.-L. Zhou, Z. Guo, G. Gibson, J. A. Brug, S. Lam, J. Pei, S. S. Mao, Development of Semi-interpenetrating Polymer Networks and Quantum Dots-Polymer Ncuiocomposites for Low-Cost, Flexible OLED Display Application. J. Mater. Res. 2012,27,639-652. 

Boonpoo-nga, R., Sriring, M., Nijpanich, S., Wongbuth, L., Martwiset, S. Semi-interpenetrating polymer networks of poly(4-styrenesulfonic acid) and poly(acrylic acid) for fuel cell applications. KKU Res. J. 16(7), 757-763 (2011)... 

Interpenetrating polymer networks form a special class of polymer systems extremely expanding the field of application of polymer materials. 

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