International Military Tribunal

In international law, as in domestic law, criminal liability requires two essential elements — action and state-of-mind. This court is being called upon to enforce the doctrine of international penal law — bom centuries ago, accepted by all major nations after the first World War, and first judicially applied by the International Military Tribunal — that the deliberate planning and waging of aggressive war is a crime. 

Especially because no industrialists were tried with Goering, the prosecution felt that the International Military Tribunal didn t intend to squeeze a situation of fact into a narrow precedent that would exonerate all those who still knew fairly accurately when war was coming. Must it be shown that the defendants knew the exact day ... 

Richtlinien fur die Anwendung von Blausdure (Zyklon) zur Ungeziefervertilgung (Entwesung), Gesundheitsanstalt des Protektorats Bohmen und Mahren, Prag o.J. Dokument NI-9912(1) at the International Military Tribunal, reproduced by Herbert Verbeke (ed.), op. cit. (note 43), pp. 94-99. 

The supply figures of the Auschwitz camp can be found in the protocols of the International Military Tribunal Nuremberg. In total, they reached some 19,000 kg during the years 1942 and 1943.157 The total supplied amount during the entire existence of the camp from late 1940 to early 1945 will hardly have exceeded 40 tons. According to Pressac s statement that not 2-5% of this was used for killings, 800 to 2,000 kg of the total delivery was used for extermination of humans. 

International Military Tribunal in Nuremberg 4,000,000 1985 Raul Hilberg Die Vernichtung dereu- ropSischen Juden 1,250,000... 

The actual International Military Tribunal consisted of prosecutors and judges from the four Allies Powers - hardly an objective tribunal. It brought 22 of the most important figures from the Third Reich to trial. This Tribunal was followed by twelve further trials of various offices and functions -for example the Reich Government, the Wehrmacht Supreme Command, and the SS Economic-Administrative Main Office - and of professional groups, such as lawyers, and chemical and steel workers. These trials, however, were conducted exclusively by the Americans, since by then the other victorious powers had lost interest.89... 

R. H. Jackson, third address of the Prosecution to the International Military Tribunal in Nuremberg, July 26, 1946, in R. 

In the major international criminal trials in which I participated, there was never as much tension as in the Auschwitz Trial - not even at the International Military Tribunal in Nuremberg, 204... 

And finally, as an aside it should be noted that Eichmann s defense counsel was not permitted to speak with his client privately, and that he was not granted access to the transcripts of Eichmann s interrogations217 - once again, methods reminiscent of the International Military Tribunal. 

Two documents from the time of the Third Reich are generally cited in support of the gas van theory one of them is a letter dated May 16, 1942, that was submitted as Document PS-501 at the Nuremberg Trial (International Military Tribunal, IMT), and the other is a file from the Federal Archives at Koblenz, numbered R 58/871 - a Note from the RSHA (Reichssicherheitshauptamt, the Reich Security Main Office) dated June 5, 1942. 

IMT, v. II, p. 288 (German edition). Cf. Charter of the International Military Tribunal, Article 19. 

International Military Tribunal, Trial of the Major War Criminals, IMT, Nuremberg 1947, v. XIII, pp. 169ff. 

According to a document of a rather suspicious origin presented at the International Military Tribunal (IMT), all Jews were allegedly arrested and 33,771 of them were executed on September 29 and 30 in retaliation for the arson ... 

One can even go a step further and apply the so-called principle of tu quoque to suspend an aspect of international law if the opposing side also violates it. The International Military Tribunal applied... 

In the case of Admiral Donitz, the International Military Tribunal held that British merchant vessels that had been armed or integrated into the war effort had lost their protection. See also San Remo Manual 1995, para 60. 

Although the belligerents of the two World Wars justified the sinking of merchant vessels by reference to belligerent reprisals, the aforementioned rules were relied upon by the International Military Tribunal in the case against Admiral Donitz. The Tribunal held, inter alia, that the... 

International Military Tribunal at Nuremberg, Ctise of the Major War Criminals, Judgment, 1 October 1946, Official Docmnents, Vol. I, pp. 253-254. 

International Military Tribunal (IMT), Speer Testimony, 21 June 1946 Nuremberg Documents, NI-6788, Affidavit Otto Ambros, i May 1947 Nuremberg Documents, NI-9772, Affidavit Albert Palm, 24 July 1947 Film and Video Archive... 

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