Interferon epithelium

The immune system is connected with HA [91-94], Hyaluronan is included into drugs used for the complex treatment of immunodeficient conditions associated with viral diseases. At the molecular level, the mechanism of action of the biopolymer is connected with the blocking of several molecular inflammation factors [93]. On the one hand hyaluronan activates inferonogenesis but on the other it increases action of the interferon inductor (e.g. double-stranded RNA) [91,92]. Interferon is produced mainly by the activated monocytes and T-cells of the immune system. The interleukins-2 and -5 (IL-2, IK-5) play a major role in the activation of T-cells that, in turn, activate synthesis of hyaluronan by endothelial capillary cells. Then hyaluronan stimulates synthesis of CD44 receptors, which is the key event for the activation of the lymphocytes and monocytes [93]. HA is used alone or in combination with interferon to slow down the development of the infection by the virus herpes simplex by application on the infected epithelium [61]. The obvious antimicrobial action of HA can be achieved by its cross-linking with hydrophilic polymers, which are capable of accelerated penetration through cell membranes or intercellular gaps [61]. 

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