Interference competition

Strongman, D. Miller, J. Calhoun, L. Findlay, J. Whitney, N. " The biochemical basis for interference competition among some lignicolous marine fungi", Bot. Mar., 1987, 30, 21-26. 

Weber, H.A. Gloer, J.B. "Interference competition among natural fungal competitors an antifungal metabolite from the coprophilous fungus Pr eussia fleischhakii", J. Nat. Prod., 1988, 5/(5), 879-883. 

Molecule A is an analogue of N-acetyl-lysine that is likely to inhibit trypsin. The positively charged e-ammonium group will bind in trypsin s substrate specificity pocket. Additionally, the B-O group is likely to bind in the oxyanion hole (Figure 9.9). Because there is no peptide bond to be cleaved, the inhibitor will remain bound to the enzyme and will interfere competitively with the binding of natural substrates. 

Folt C, Goldman CR (1981) Allelopathy between zooplankton a mechanism for interference competition. Science 213 1133-1135... 

Factors that drive the process of succession include interspecies competition, environmental conditions, inhibition, and facilitation. In a developing ecosystem, species compete for scarce resources. The species that compete most successfully dominate. Environmental conditions, as previously discussed, influence species viability. Finally, the activities of certain species can inhibit or facilitate the growth and development of other species. Inhibition results from exploitative competition or interference competition. In facilitation, a species or group of species lays the foundation for the establishment of other, more advanced species. For example, the presence of a certain bacterial population can change the pH of the soil, allowing for the growth of different types of plants and trees. 

Wrobel, D. J., Gergits, W. F., and Jaeger, R. G, 1980, An experimental study of interference competition among terrestrial salamanders. Ecology, 61 1034. 

Gergits, W. F., 1982, Interference Competition and Territoriality Between the Terrestrial Salamanders Plethodon cinereus and Plethodon Shenandoah, M, S. Thesis, State University of New York at Albany, Albany. 

Gloer, j. B. and S. M. Truckenbrod, Interference competition among coprophilous fungi Production of (-t-)-isoepoxydon by Poronia punctata, Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 54, 861-864... 

Interference competition embraces any activity which directly or indirectly limits a competitor s access to a resource (Miller, 1967). Indirect interference invariably involves a form of chemical communication, or signal, which is effective in the owner s absence. Direct interference includes a range of interactions such as territoriality, dominance, physiological or physical suppression, and cannibalism. Exploitation is the joint utilization of a limited resource once access has been gained (Miller, 1967). Thus, rather than deal with other individuals, an exploiter deals exclusively with available resources and is successful only through competitive ability. Nicholson (1954) proposed a comparable, but not identical, distinction between modes of competition by designating contest and scramble competition, terms which relate to interference and exploitation competition, respectively. 

Well-documented studies of interference competition exist. Elimination of supernumerary larval parasitoids by physical attack of conspecifics is a dramatic case of direct interference by a competitor (Salt, 1961). Other examples include physical defense of territories by Pogonomyrmex harvester ants and Trigona bee species, and cannibalism in Tribolium beetles (Young, 1970) (see Section 11.5). Examples of indirect interference competition via chemical mediators have been found increasingly over the past decade (Prokopy, 1981a see also Section 11.5). 

Adams, E. S. and Traniello, J. F. A. (1981) Chemical interference competition by Mono-morium minimum (Hymenoptera Formicidae). Oecologia, 51, 265-70. 

Thus dehydroshikimic acid was found to interfere competitively with the growth response of shikimic acid. The degree of utilization of shikimic... 

---