Intercellular Oxygen Concentration

FIGURE 7.10 Root respiration as a function of distance from root tip (apex). 

FIGURE 7.12 Eriophorum angustifolium. Internal oxygen concentration in the leaves following the submergence of the intact plant in anaerobic medium. (Redrawn from Armstrong and Gaynard, 1976.) 

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Fig. 5.12. Kalanchoe daigremontiana time course of CO2 fixation, stomatal conductance and calculated intercellular CO2 concentration in response to ambient oxygen concentrations and darkness (leaf temperature 29° C, saturating light intensity from Bjorkman and Osmond,...

Fig. 5.13. Rate of CO2 fixation 16° C in K. daigremontiana at two different oxygen concentrations at saturating light intensity (top) and darkness (bottom) depending on intercellular CO2 pressure (from Bjorkman and Osmond, 1973, by permission)...

The design basis is the most important consideration when determining the size of a biological reactor. Other pertinent factors are the final product, the microorganism used, its growth rate and oxygen requirement, the product concentration (e.g., expressed in mg/L broth for proteins or 100 mg/L for organic acids), and the type of product (intercellular or extracellular). 

It has been suggested that volatile terpenes play a similar dual action inside the leaves and participate in ozone quenching in the intercellular spaces before they are released into the atmosphere. In plants exposed to ozone either a reduction or an increase of isoprene and monoterpene emission is observed. Particularly high ozone concentrations induce the terpene emission often as a result of cellular damage. There is evidence that volatile terpenes are able to reduce ozone damage and to quench ozone and reactive oxygen species (ROS). Furthermore, it has been demonstrated in tropical forests a large fraction of total plant sesquiterpene... 

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