Insulin, biosynthesis

Sandler, S., Andersson, R., and Hellerstrom, C. (1987). Inhibitory effects of interleukin 1 on insulin secretion, insulin biosynthesis, and oxidative metabolism of isolated rat pancreatic islets. Endocrinology (Baltimore) 121, 1424-1431. 

Vol. XXXVn [28]. Methods for the Assessment of Peptide Precursors. Studies on Insulin Biosynthesis. H. S. Tager, A. H. Rubenstein, and D. F. Steiner. 

Shoelson, S. E. Halban, P. A. Insulin biosynthesis and chemistry. In Joslin s Diabetes Mellitus. 13th ed. Kahn, C. R., Weir, G. C., Eds. Lippincott Williams Wilkins Philadelphia, 1994, pp. 29-55. 

Steiner, D, F, et al. 1996. The role of prohormone convertases in insulin biosynthesis evidence for inherited defects in their action in man and experimental animals. Diabetes Metab. 22 94-104. 

Desmethylcyproheptadine 10,11-epoxide, a biotransformation product of the antihistaminic and antiserotoninergic drug, cyproheptadine inhibited proinsulin and insulin biosynthesis and insulin release in isolated rat pancreatic islets (Chow et al. 1989). Measurement of (pro)insulin (proinsulin and insulin) synthesis using incorporation of H-leucine showed that desmethylcyproheptadine epoxide, desmethylcyproheptadine and cyproheptadine epoxide were 22,10, and 4 times, respectively, more potent than cyproheptadine in inhibiting hormone synthesis. In man, there was no evidence for metabolic alteration at the tricyclic ethylene bridge (C-10, C-11), whereas dog, cat, and rat all metabolise the drug, at least in part, at this site (Porter et al. 1974). A minor N-oxide conjugate as a metabolite of cyproheptadine has been found in man (Johnson et al. 1962). 

Ziihlke, H. Insulin - biosynthesis and mode of action. In Cell Differentiation (L. Nover, M. Luckner, B. Parthier, eds.), pp. 324-348. Fischer/Springer, Jena/Berlin 1982... 

The significance of these studies on insulin biosynthesis to the pathogenesis of diabetes is considerable because the findings add a new dimension to the many... 

Similar to GLP-1, GIP increases insulin biosynthesis and secretion and has a protective activity on p cells. In addition, GIP stimulates the release of glucagon, and it is imphcated in lipid metabolism and adiposity [60]. 

Waki I, Kyo H, Yasuda M, Kimura M 1982 Effects of a hypoglycemic component of Ginseng radix on insulin biosynthesis in normal and diabetic animals. J Pharm Dyn 5 547-554... 

Emdin SO, Dodson GG, Cutfield JM, Cutfield SM. Role of zinc in insulin biosynthesis some possible zinc insulin interactions in the pancreatic beta cell. Diabetologia 1980 19 174-182. 

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