Inpatients bipolar disorders

Gender differences in the age of onset of bipolar disorder were evaluated by Sibisi ( 43), who used the annual U.K. Inpatient Statistics from the Mental Health Inquiry. The cumulative inception rate was nearly equal for men and women, indicating that the liability is similar between the genders. Results such as these imply that the observed excess of middle-aged, bipolar women may be attributable to life experiences, a greater willingness to seek treatment, or other demographic factors. 

One of the most popular and useful benzodiazepines for treatment of agitation associated with psychosis, bipolar disorder, and other disorders, especially in the inpatient setting this is due in part to useful sedative properties and flexibility of administration with oral tablets, oral liquid, or injectable formulations, which is often useful in treating uncooperative patients Is a very useful adjunct to SSRIs and SNRIs in the treatment of numerous anxiety disorders... 

Although medications are the primary treatment modality for bipolar disorder, it is important to consider the impact of medications in conjunction with other forms of treatment. For instance, milieu therapy, when inpatient care is necessary, will be most effective after initial medication response has reestablished some degree of cooperation and insight. Psychotherapy, especially cognitive, behavioral, and psycho-educational approaches, is effective with the medication-stabilized patient. Group therapy, which can include families, will often revolve around acceptance of the disease as well as of the need for long-term medication treatment, the side effects, and the implications of noncompliance. In instances of medication resistance or contraindications, ECT should be considered. 

Of 23 patients with bipolar affective disorder taking neuroleptic drugs, 15 developed akathisia and 18 had parkinsonism during their entire inpatient treatment (217). The patients initially received high-potency neuroleptic drugs (maximum 2000 mg/day of chlorpromazine equivalents) and were assessed weekly. Akathisia developed in 44% of the patients with severe headache or nausea who received prochlorperazine 10 mg intravenously (n = 100) within 1 hour (218). None of the 40... 

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