Inlet horn

In some installations, the incoming gas-solid mixture must be accelerated from a region of low velocity to that which exists at the entrance of the cyclone. Such a condition would exist at the inlet to a highly-loaded primary cyclone above a fiuidized bed, for example. If we apply the mechanical energy balance between a point located in the low velocity region (ahead of an inlet horn, for example) and a point in the high velocity region (within the horn) we obtain for the acceleration pressure loss. 

Fig. 15.1.7. Illustration of a cyclone with internal scrolls. Twin internal scroll unit shown in elevation (left) and in sectional view (top right) a tri-scroll inlet shown in plan view (bottom middle) and with trumpet-shaped inlet horns (bottom right)...

Figure 3.3 Sonoelectrochemical cell used for electrosynthesis and voltammetric studies. 1, Sonic horn 2, transducer 3, to control unit of sonic horn 4, graphite counter electrode 5, argon inlet for degassing 6, Pyrex reservoir 7, platinum-disk macro- or microelectrode 8, copper cooling coil connected to the thermostatted water bath 9, titanium tip 10, platinum resistance thermocouple 11, SCE reference. (From Ref. 557, reproduced with permission.)...

Fig. 5.7. GC separation of acetone Schiff base-TMS derivatives of amines. Peaks 1 = (3-phenylethyl-amine 2 = norephedrine 3 = (J-hydroxy-0-phenylethylamine 4 = tyramine 5 = 0-(3,4-dimethoxy-phenyl)ethylamine 6 = metanephrine 7 = dopamine 8 = epinephrine 9 = normetanephrine 10 = norepinephrine. Conditions glass column, 6 ft. x 4 mm I.D., 10% F-60 on Gas-Chrom P (80-100 mesh, AW, silanized) nitrogen inlet pressure, 12 p.s.i. temperature programme, 1.5°C/min. (Reproduced from Anal. Chcm., 38 (1966) 316, by courtesy of E.C. Horning and the American Chemical Society.)...

Fig. 3.15. Sonoelectrochemical cell used to ultrasonicate a rotating disc electrode. A titanium amplifying horn, B cavitational plume, C Pt disc working electrode, D Ag/AgCI reference electrode, E auxiliary electrode, F fine porosity glass frit, G coolant inlet, H coolant outlet. (Reproduced with permission of the American Chemical Society.)...

Titanium horn Collar and O-rings Gas inlet/outlet... 

Fic. 4.1. Disdia flow apparatus. flow of purifled nitrogen into discharge tube B, quartz rf discharge tube showing external electrodes C, Wood s horn light trap D, silicone oil manometer inlet E, regulating stopcodc and to pump unit F, nitric oxide supply. (After ref. 

Nogare, D., Degenstein, N., Horn, R., et al. (2011). Modeling Spatially Resolved Data of Methane Catalytic Partial Oxidation on Rh Foam Catalyst at Different Inlet Compositions and Flowrates, J. Catal, 277, pp. 134—148. 

Titanium Horn CoIlar O-Rings Gas Inlet Oudet... 

Fig. 12.1.7. Outermost horn segment replaced by straight section of inlet duct...

Before leaving this section we wish to point out that the outer horn deflection mechanism described above also applies to the innermost horn segment, as one might expect. Hence, solids may also impact the inside wall of the inlet scroll or barrel, depending on the design. However, as mentioned above, these surfaces are almost always covered with erosion resistant, protective liners and, for this reason, their wear rates may not be noticeable or significant. What may be significant, however, and what may not be fully appreciated, is the effect that the particle behavior described above has on cyclone separation performance. This is another area that appears to have received virtually no attention by the research community. 

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