Injectable dental biomaterials

It is evident that there is vast scope for research in injectable dental biomaterials, in terms of chemical development, establishment of new and improved clinical treatment techniques and in fundamental understanding of basic rheological mechanisms. 

The first ever injectable crude biomaterial, that is a dental implant, appeared early in ad 6oo (Fig. 12.1). During those times, Mayan people trimmed seashells into artificial teeth to replace missing teeth (Michael, 2006 Ratner et al., 2004). Early biomaterials also led to problems, including sterilization, toxicity, inflammation, and immunological issues. Since the Mayan s initial use of artificial teeth, biomaterials have evolved to be used in modem artificial hearts, hip and knee pros-theses, artificial kidneys, and breast implants. Materials used in these applications include titanium, silicons, polyurethanes, teflon, polybiodegradable polymers, and most recently bio-nanomaterials (Pearce et al., 2007)... 

Weiss, P., Layrolle, P., Clergeau, L.P., Enckel, B., Pilet, P., Amouriq, Y., Daculsi, G. GiumelU, B. 2007, The safety and efficacy of an injectable bone substitute in dental sockets demonstrated in a human clinical trial . Biomaterials, vol. 28, no. 22, pp. 3295-3305. 

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