Infrared light oils

When melted fat or oil is placed on the surface of an ATR crystal like diamond, the infrared light penetrates a distance of only a few micrometers into the test sample, when the conditions of total internal reflection apply... 

Cyclopentadiene is obtained from the light oil from coal tar distillation but exists as the stable dimer, dicyclopentadiene, which is the Diels-Alder adduct from two molecules of the diene. Thus, generation of cyclopentadiene by pyrolysis of the dimer represents a reverse Diels-Alder reaction. See Figs. 1 and 2 for nmr and infrared spectra of dicyclopentadiene. In the Diels-Alder addition of cyclopentadiene and maleic anhydride the two molecules approach each other in the orientation shown in the drawing above, as this orientation provides maximal overlap of ir-bonds of the two reactants and favors formation of an initial ir-complex and then the final e do-product. Dicyclopentadiene also has the endo-configuration. 

Minilight curtains use either visible or infrared light. Visible-light curtains are apt to be affected by drops of oil being blown through the curtain. The curtain reacts to oil droplets the same as it does to parts It sends a (false) signal to the... 

For detecting part ejection, you should use infrared-light sensors to minimize the chances of false signals because of oil droplets in the sensing field. 

S. G Stevenson, P. C. Williams. The determination of protein, moisture and oil in diverse cereals, cereal products and oilseeds by NIRS. Cereal Foods Worldli 462, (abstr), 1978. T. Hymowitz, J. W. Dudley, F. I. Collins, C. M. Brown. Estimations of protein and oil concentration in corn, soybean and oat seed by near-infrared light reflectance. Crop Sci 14 713-715, 1974. 

Figure 7.3 shows the two-beam photon-force measurement system using a coaxial illumination photon force measurement system. Two microparticles dispersed in a liquid are optically trapped by two focused near-infrared beams ( 1 pm spot size) of a CW Nd YAG laser under an optical microscope (1064 nm, 1.2 MWcm , lOOX oil-immersion objective, NA = 1.4). The particles are positioned sufficiently far from the surface of a glass slide in order to neglect the interaction between the particles and the substrate. Green and red beams from a green LD laser (532 nm, 21 kWcm ) and a He-Ne laser (632.8 nm, 21 kW cm ) are introduced coaxially into the microscope and slightly focused onto each microparticle as an illumination light (the irradiated area was about 3 pm in diameter). The sizes of the illumination areas for the green and red beams are almost the same as the diameter of the microparticles (see Figure 7.4). The back scattered light from the surface of each microparticle is...

Fraction D. After removing the nonaqueous solvents from this fraction, a thin, light yellow oil separated. The yield in Table II is the weight of this oil. Infrared spectral analysis indicated a fatty alcohol ester of phthalic acid. 

A miniaturized Fourier transform spectrometer for near-infrared measurements (FTIR, 2500-8330 nm) was developed at the Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe [120], Near-infrared measurements give information, for example, about the oil, water and protein content of liquids or solids. The dimensions of the detector chip are 11.5 x 9.4 mm, the device is essentially a miniaturized Michelson interferometer and it consists of a micro optical bench with beamsplitter, ball lenses, mirrors and the detector chip. The light beam is coupled in via a glass-fiber and an electromagnetic actuator. The signal is derived from the signal response of the detector by Fourier transformation. 

Kawahara [21] has discussed the characterisation and identification of spilled residual fuel oils on surface water using gas chromatography and infrared spectrophotometry. The oily material was collected by surface skimming and extraction with dichloromethane, and the extract was evaporated. Preliminary distinction between samples was made by dissolving portions of the residue in hexane or chloroform. If the residue was soluble in chloroform but not in hexane it was assumed to be crude oil, a grease, a heavy residual fuel oil or an asphalt if it was soluble in both solvents it was assumed to be very light or heavy naphtha, kerosine, gas oil, white oil, diesel oil, jet fuel, cutting oil, motor oil or cutter stock. The residue was also examined by infrared spectrophotometiy wavenumber values of use for identification purposes are tabulated. 

---