Big Chemical Encyclopedia

Chemical substances, components, reactions, process design ...

Articles Figures Tables About

Industrial electrolysis thermodynamics

Only two processes for the manufacture of Be are of industrial importance (i). the thermal reduction of BeF2 using Mg, and (ii) the electrolysis of BeCl2 in a molten chloride electrolyte. Direct reduction of the oxide is ineffective because of its thermodynamic stability only Ca reduces BeO to the metal unfortunately, Ca cannot be used since it forms a stable intermetallic compound with Be, BejjCa. [Pg.363]

The use of these expressions is effectual only in cases where there is no extensive deviation in the system behavior due to charge transfer overpotential or other kinetic effects.(l) The calculated threshold or thermodynamic energy requirement (2 ) (AG in the previous equation) is often much lower than actually encountered, but is still useful in estimating an approximate or theoretical minimum energy required for electrolysis. Part of the difficulty in applying thermodynamics to many systems of industrial interest may reside in an inability to properly define the activities or nature of the various species involved in the... [Pg.701]

Hydrogen is increasingly recognized as a potential fuel for industry and transport. It can be produced by electrolysis or photolysis of water, and its oxidation produces no greenhouse gases. Moreover, it is the best fuel for fuel cells, which generate electricity directly by the reversal of electrolysis. Fuel cells have been known for almost two centuries they are a type of battery in which electricity is produced by the redox reaction between H2 and O2 in solution. They offer high thermodynamic efficiencies... [Pg.25]

A comparison of the E°s would lead us to predict that the reduction (it) would be favored over that of (i). This is certainly the case from a purely energetic standpoint, but as was mentioned in the section on fuel cells, electrode reactions involving 02 are notoriously slow (that is, they are kinetically hindered), so the anodic process here is under kinetic rather than thermodynamic control. The reduction of water (iv) is energetically favored over that of Na+ (iii), so the net result of the electrolysis of brine is the production of Cl2 and NaOH ( caustic ), both of which are of immense industrial importance ... [Pg.37]

The electrochemical process offers the possibilities to produce ammonia with milder working conditions than Haber-Bosch process. Ammonia can be electrochemically synthesised under atmospheric pressure. There is no thermodynamic limitation in the electrochemical process. As mentioned before, the ammonia industry depends very much on natural gas, and consequentiy releases a huge amount of CO2. With the demand for environmentally friendly industry and the depletion of fossil fuels, the use of renewable feedstock and electricity is encouraged. Recently, renewable feedstock such as H2O or H2 from water electrolysis was found to be usable in an electrocatalytic membrane reactor (Lan, Irvine, Tao, 2013). [Pg.546]


See other pages where Industrial electrolysis thermodynamics is mentioned: [Pg.2179]    [Pg.61]    [Pg.405]    [Pg.421]    [Pg.74]    [Pg.39]    [Pg.1464]    [Pg.1589]    [Pg.1591]    [Pg.157]    [Pg.2179]    [Pg.213]    [Pg.633]   
See also in sourсe #XX -- [ Pg.786 , Pg.787 , Pg.788 , Pg.789 , Pg.790 ]




SEARCH



Electrolysis industrial

© 2024 chempedia.info