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In Vivo within Living Cells

2-17a Enzymatic Polymerizations 2-17a-1 In Vivo (within Living Cells) [Pg.180]

Plants and animals synthesize a number of polymers (e.g., polysaccharides, proteins, nucleic acids) by reactions that almost always require a catalyst. The catalysts present in living systems are usually proteins and are called enzymes. Reactions catalyzed by enzymes are called enzymatic reactions, polymerizations catalyzed by enzymes are enzymatic polymerizations. Humans benefit from naturally occurring polymers in many ways. Our plant and animal foodstuffs consist of these polymers as well as nonpolymeric materials (e.g., sugar, vitamins, minerals). We use the polysaccharide cellulose (wood) to build homes and other structures and to produce paper. [Pg.180]

The mechanism for bacterial synthesis of PHA is not the simple dehydration reaction between alcohol and carboxyl groups. It is more complicated and involves the coenzyme A thioester derivative of the hydroxyalkanoic acid monomer (produced from the organic feedstock available to the bacteria) [Kamachi et al., 2001], Growth involves an acyl transfer reaction catalyzed by the enzyme PHA synthase (also called a polymerase) [Blei and Odian, [Pg.181]

The reaction is not a step polymerization but is a chain polymerization with the characteristics of a living polymerization [Su et al., 2000] (Secs. 3-15, 5-2g, Chap. 7). [Pg.181]


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Cells in vivo)

Live cells

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