In the chemistry of thiophenes

Recent Advances in the Chemistry of Thiophenes Salo Gronowitz... 

Recent advances in the chemistry of thiophenes , Gronowitz, S., Adv. Heterocycl. Chem.,... 

The dominant theme since the mid-1980s in the chemistry of thiophenes has undoubtedly been the application of transition metal catalysis. There are two distinct aspects of this work the first is the use of Pd or Ni as catalysts for bond formation. The other is the study of transition metal-mediated ring opening of thiophene by cleavage of S—C bonds. The former is discussed in Section 2.10.4.7. In addition, some mechanistically interesting results have also been reported during this period. These include the preparation of the first fully characterized, stable pentacoordinated sulfur compound with four C—S bonds (Section 2.10.3.1) and the first clear evidence for an organosulfur ate complex (Section 2.10.2.6.4). 

As biosteres of benzene, thiophene and benzothiophene have enjoyed much success in drug discovery. In fact, pharmaceuticals containing thiophene or benzothiophene moieties accounted for several billion dollars a year in sales through much of the 2000 s. Syntheses of many of these therapeutics are well known and provide excellent case studies in the chemistry of thiophenes and benzothiophenes and their utility. 

A review entitled thiophenes from Viktor Meyer to Poly (thiophene) some reactions and synthesis was published in a special issue of Phosphorus, Sulfur and the related elements (13PS287). Over 80 reaction schemes are presented outlining important discoveries in the chemistry of thiophenes. Another review generalized published data on the reactions of 4-(2-R-aryl)-1,2,3-thia- and selenadiazoles (13RJOC479). Special emphasis on the use of these selenadiazole for the synthesis of 1-benzothiophenes, 1-benzosele-ophenes, and their more complex derivatives was presented. A recent review on recent advances in the use of the Wfllgerodt-Kindler reaction in thiophene syntheses appeared this year (13CSV7870). Extensive reviews on selenium and tellurium chemistry from small molecules to biomolecules and materials (B-13M001) as well as data on the synthesis, reactions, crystal structures, and spectral characteristics of benzo[b]tellurophene, dibenzo[b,d]... 

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