In recognition phenomena

The role that carbohydrates exert in recognition phenomena of biological and pharmaceutical relevance has stimulated the quest for tools that can monitor and even quantitatively evaluate these interactions. The potential diagnostic applications of such tools is evident, and the possible development of commercial carbohydrate microarrays, such as those established for oligonucleotides, and very recently peptides, is of high interest. 

Many membrane functions can be directly related to the physical properties of the liquid-crystalline lipid bilayer. Variations in curvature and area per unit mass and diffusion properties can thus be explained by the liquid-crystal model. Membrane proteins contain hydrophobic segments in an alpha-helical conformation which constitute the anchor in the hydrophobic core of the bilayer. The proteins contain short chains of sugar groups on the outer surface of the plasma membrane and this surface zone is involved in recognition phenomena. A covalent link between the peptide and the oligo-... 

Metrangolo, R Murray, J. S. Pilati, T. Pohtzer, R Resnati, G. Terraneo, G. 2011. Fluorine-centered halogen bonding a factor in recognition phenomena and reactivity. Cry St. Growth Des. 11 4238-4246. 

Varki A (1997) Sialic acids as ligands in recognition phenomena. FASEB J 11 248-255... 

Selective labelling of the two diastereotopic methyl groups of i-leucine (144) has enabled their fates during secondary metabolic reactions to be elucidated [66]. Moreover, in the context of protein interactions, differentiation of the leucine pro-R and pro-S methyl groups in protein NMR spectra allows molecular recognition phenomena to be studied [67]. Recently, efficient routes to both forms of Relabeled leucine, based on application of an auxiliary-controlled stereoselective conjugate addition reaction (Scheme 6.27) have been described [68]. Thus, starting... 

In recognition of the changing nature of virtually all phenomena observable in nature, Heraclitus (c. 500 B.C.) is attributed to be the first to assertb All is flux, nothing stays stiU. In this repect, Heraclitus may be rightfully recognized as the first kineticist. 

Both in viruses and tumors, specific N-linked glycoproteins are involved in the recognition phenomena responsible for the pathology. The biosynthesis of these... 

---