In enclosures

To reduce the amount of dust produced, water can be added to the abrasive from a circular water sprayer around the no22le. Chemical corrosion inhibitors must be dissolved in the water to prevent flash msting of the steel. Newer methods to reduce dust include the use of ice, soHd carbon dioxide (dry ice), or plastic beads as abrasives. Blasting with dry ice is inexpensive and effective, but the accumulation of carbon dioxide must be avoided in enclosures. Plastic beads are inexpensive, but the cutting efficiency is low and paint removal is slow the beads can be cleaned of paint particles and reused. 

Understanding of the technological process and identification of subprocesses are essential for proper ventilation design, especially when designing process ventilation but also in enclosure air technology. The purpose of process description is to identify possible emission sources, occupational areas, the effects of environmental parameters on production, needs for enclosure and ventilation equipment, etc. One purpose is to divide the process into parts such that their inputs and outputs (e.g., process, piping and duct connections, electricity, exposure) to environment can be defined. Parts here can he different departments, and inside them, subprocesses. See Fig. 3.4. 

Equipment described as explosion-proof is equipment installed in enclosures that will withstand internal explosions and also prevent the propagation of flame to the external atmosphere. As the gases generated by the explosion expand, they must be cooled before reaching the surrounding atmosphere. 

Light or no confinement Heavy confinement Combustion explosions in enclosures (no pressure)... 

Panels of multi-resonator material are made from perforated plate sandwiched with solid plate and an intermediate absorber layer between them. These panels can be built up in enclosures, taking care to seal all junctions adequately. Typically, these enclosures are made to surround small machines (e.g. compressors). They may be fitted together with spring catches to allow for dismantling for maintenance purposes. 

Rotman, D.A. and Oppenheim, A.K., Aerothermo-dynamic properties of stretched flames in enclosures, Twenty-First Symposium (International) on Combustion, The Combustion Institute, Pittsburgh, pp. 1303-1312,1986. 

Fig. 2.6 The moqjhological events of sporulation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. (a) starved cell V, vacuole LG, lipid granule ER, endoplasmic reticulum CW, cell wall M, mitochondrion S, spindle pole SM, spindle microtubules N, nucleus NO, nucleolus, (b) Synaptonemal complex (SX) and development of polycomplex body (PB) along with division of spindle pole body in (c). (d) First meiotic division which is completed in (e). (f) Prepararation for meiosis II. (g) Enlargement of prospore wall, culminating in enclosure of separate haploid nuclei (h). (i) Spore coat (SC) materials produced and deposited, giving rise to the distinct outer spore coat (OSC) seen in the completed spores of the mature ascus (j). Reproduced from the review by Dickinson (1988) with permission from Blackwell Science Ltd.

Field in 1.6 ha enclosures on hunted or nonhunted wetlands California 1986-89 lead shot pellet density in enclosures were 15,750, 173,200, or >2 million/ha Blood lead concentrations increased, and survival reduced with increasing shot density 39... 

Captive zoo animals and domestic livestock held in enclosures coated with lead-based paints... 

Fire in enclosures may be characterized in three phases. The first phase is fire development as a fire grows in size from a small incipient fire. If no action is taken to suppress the fire, it will eventually grow to a maximum size that is controlled by the... 

Thomas, P. H., Behavior of fires in enclosures - some recent progress, in 14th International Symposium on Combustion, The Combustion Institute, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 1973, pp. 1007-20. 

Karlsson, B., Modeling fire growth on combustible lining materials in enclosures, Report TBVV-1009, Department of Fire Safety Engineering, Lund University, Lund, 1992. 

For explosions in enclosures involving high explosives, solid propellants, high explosive with combustible materials in contact, or combustible mist, dust, or gaseous explosive mixtures, the long-duration gas pressures caused by confinement of the products of the explosions can be the dominant loads causing structural failure. 

Clean agent systems can also be used for explosion prevention and suppression where flammable materials are confined. Clean agent fire extinguishing systems are used primarily to protect hazards that are in enclosures or equipment enclosures. Some typical hazards that could be protected by clean agents are ... 

Note Use of water spray is strongly recommended for compressors located in enclosures. 

In outdoor enclosures treated with urine and soiled bedding from male mice, mouse populations grew to larger numbers than in water-treated control enclosures. Populations in enclosures treated with urine and soiled bedding from group-caged females, however, grew less than the water controls. Females... 

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