Impact echo/spectral analysis

Impact echo/ spectral analysis of surface waves Examines condition of concrete Objective measurement system Does not give direct information on wire breaks Slower inspeotions than remote field effect Requires an empty pipeline... [Pg.267]

Ultrasonic wave speed, Impact Echo and Spectral Analysis of Surface Waves... [Pg.999]

The common civil engineering seismic testing techniques work on the principles of ultrasonic through transmission (UPV), transient stress wave propagation and reflection (Impact Echo), Ultrasonic Pulse Echo (UPE) and Spectral Analysis of Surface Waves (SASW). [Pg.1003]