Impact-collision ion scattering spectroscopy ICISS

ARUPS) for the valence DOS features, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) for the energy shift of a core band. Surface extended X-ray absorption fine-structure spectroscopy (SEXAFS) and impact-collision ion-scattering spectroscopy (ICISS) are also commonly used in the chemisorption studies. 

Fig. 12. Schematic concept of the (neutral) impact collision ion scattering spectroscopy (N)ICISS for 180°. By the measurement of the critical glancing angles I c for the onset of backscattering at a known surface geometry, that is, lattice constant d, the shadow cone size can be determined experimentally (compare with Fig. 1) [21]. Reprinted with permission from J. W. M. Frenken and J. F. van der Veen, Phys. Rev. Lett., 54, 134 (1985), 1985, The American Physical Society.

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