Immobilization by Chemical Binding to Substrates

FIGURE 3.62 Schematic representation of the immobilized molecules by (a) (3-glycidyloxypropyl) trimethoxysilane, (b) 3-(trimethoxysilyl)propyl methacrylate incorporated in the poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), (c) poly(glycidyl methacrylate), (d) glycidyl methacrylate incorporated in the PMMA, and (e) PEMA on 3-aminopropyl-dimethylethoxy-silane. Where Rx— pendant molecules, R—polymer. 

Stable polymeric films can also be formed in some cases without any additional anchoring substances or cross-linkers through physical interactions. Such polymeric layers are mostly stabilized by inter- and intramolecular hydrogen bonds that form a network between the polymer and substrate and 

FIGURE 3.63 Schematic representation of multistep surface modification procedures for polymeric materials that comprise a low-pressure plasma treatment either for activation/functionalization (a, b, and d) or cross-linking (c). Source Nitschke et al. [90]. Reproduced with permission from John Wiley Sons. 

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