Ignition sources lightning

Climate and natural hazards. Lightning arrestors should be installed to reduce/eliminate ignition sources in flammable areas. Storm drainage systems should be maintained. 

External fire. May be prompted by flammable gas or vapor liquid, solid, metal, wood, or waste material pyrophoric material and presence of ignition source such as sparks, static, friction, hot spots, welding, lightning, auto ignition, or furnace. Immediate consequence engulfment, thermal radiation, fire damage, smoke, domino effect (where one incident is the primary cause for several other incidents). 

Most fires on floating roof tanks are small rim fires caused by vapors leaking through the seals. The source of ignition is normally lightning strikes. With proper seal maintenance and inspection, coupled with adequate shunt straps across the seal at every meter or so will reduce the probability of a tank fire. 

Amplitude Modulation (AM). With AM radio, the amphtude (height) of the transmitted signal is made proportional to the sound amplitude captured (transduced) by the microphone. The transmitted frequency remains constant. AM transmission is degraded by static and interference because sources of electromagnetic transmission such as lightning and automobile ignitions, which are at the same frequency, add their amplitudes to that of the transmitted signal. AM radio stations in the United States and Canada are limited to 50 kilowatts (kW). Early twentieth century, U.S. stations had powers up to 500 kW, some of which could be heard worldwide. 

IF a naked flame exists or if a spark exists or if a hot surface is present or if lightning is present, then a source of ignition exists. 

Flame arrester In the event of lightning or another. source of vapor ignition, a flame arre.ster in the vent line of a. storage tank prevents flames from flashing to the vapor inside the tank. 

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