ICP-MS for Quantification

ICP-MS can quantify multielements rapidly and simultaneously in one run, which is extremely sensitive, due to the efficient ionization from plasma coupled with the sensitive detection of the mass spectrometer. At its best, parts per trillion detection limits are achievable. ICP-MS can detect most elements in biological systems, but sulfur, phosphorus, and halogens are not efficiently ionized by the ICP owing to their high ionization energies. 

Based on nanometallome quantification in different tissues, ICP-MS can also be applied to study the body distribution of nanometallome. 

It was indicated that the instilled Ti02 directly entered the brain through the olfactory bulb in the whole exposure period, and was deposited especially in the hippocampus region. 

When a primary X-ray with sufficient energy strikes a sample, the inner electrons may be ejected. The excited atoms can emit characteristic radiation during the subsequent process of de-excitation. The emitted X-rays carry information about the elemental composition of the specimen in the irradiated region which is called X-ray fluorescence analysis (XRF). XRF is also a multi-elemental technique and more detailed information about XRF can be found in Chapter 3. 

Nanoscale titanium dioxide (Ti02) is massively produced and widely used in the living environment, which may lead to a potential risk to human health. The central nervous system (CNS) is the potential susceptible target of inhaled nanoparticles, but related studies have been limited so far. Wang et reported the accumulation and toxicity results in vivo of two crystalline phases of Ti02 nanoparticles (80 nm rutile and 155 nm anatase purity 99%). The female mice were intranasally instilled with 500 pg of Ti02 nanoparticles suspension every other day for 30 days. Synchrotron radiation X-ray fluorescence analysis (SRXRF) was used to determine titanium distribution in the murine brain. 

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Due to the lack of suitable standard reference material for quantification purposes in phospho-proteomics and metaUomics, reliable calibration strategies were developed for the direct microlocal analysis of phosphorus aud metals in protein spots and in thin sections of brain tissue using LA-ICP-MS. For quantification of analytical data, the application of a solution based calibration strategy was proposed with LA-ICP-MS and the simultaneous determination of P, S, Si, Al, Cu and Zn concentrations in human brain proteins (Alzheimer s disease) or for imaging thin... 

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