Hypertension in children

Secondary hypertension is much more common in children than in adults. Kidney disease (e.g., pyelonephritis, glomerulonephritis) is the most common cause of secondary hypertension in children. Coarctation of the aorta can also produce secondary hypertension. Medical or surgical management of the underlying disorder usually restores normal BP. 

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Flyim JT, Mottes TA, Brophy PD, Kershaw DB, Smoyer WE, Bunchman TE. Intravenous nicardipine for treatment of severe hypertension in children. J Pediatr 2001 139(l) 38-43. 

Sulfamazone is a pyrazolone derivative. It causes benign intracranial hypertension in children (SEDA-5, 100) (1). 

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Roszkowska-Blaim M, Skrzypczyk P (2015) Hypertension in children with end-stage renal disease. Adv Med Sci 60 342-348... 

Morales-Carpi C, Torres-Chazarra C, Lurbe E, Torro I, Morales-Olivas FJ. Cold medication containing phenylephrine as a cause of hypertension in children. Eur J Pediatr 2008 167(8) 947-8. 

Willi U, Lebowitz RL (1979) The so-called megaureter-mega-cystis syndrome. AJR 133 409-416 Wolfish NM, Delbrouck N, Shanon A et al (1993) Prevalence of hypertension in children with primary VUR. J Pediatr... 

Renovascular disease (RVD) is an important but uncommon cause of hypertension in children, accounting for about 10% of cases (Gill et. al 1976 Deal et al. 1992 Wyszynska et al. 1992). Renal pathology is the cause of hypertension in over 90% of children after 1 year of age under 1 year of age, coarctation of the aorta is more common. The more severe the hypertension and the younger the child, then the more likely it is to be secondary hypertension. RVD is now well recognized in paediatrics, but... 

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Shroff R, Roebuck DJ, Gordon I et al (2006) Angioplasty for renovascular hypertension in children 20-year experience. Pediatrics 118 268-275... 

Tullus K, Brennan E, Hamilton G, Lord R, McLaren CA, Marks SD, Roebuck DJ (2007) Renovascular hypertension in children. Lancet (in press)... 

Daniels SR, Loggie JM, McEnery PT, Towbin RB (1987) Clinical spectrum of intrinsic renovascular hypertension in children. Pediatrics 80 698-704... 

McLaren CA, Roebuck DJ (2003) Interventional radiology for renovascular hypertension in children. Tech Vase Interv Radiol 6 150-157... 

Tyagi S, Kaul UA, Satsangi DK, Arora R (1997) Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty for renovascular hypertension in children initial and long-term results. Pediatrics 99 44-49... 

Beale, M. (i, Salcedo, J. R. and Chan, J. C. M. (1974) Management of hypertension in children on chronic hemodialysis and following renal transplantation. Clin. Proc. Child. Hosp. (Wash.), 30, 265. 

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